Big bang/a critique of The foundation of the theory of the universe dark energy and its nature

(Review Paper) Cited in

Expansion is accelerating and a model to explain dark energy
A mathematical model demonstrates why stars appear to be accelerating in their speed away from us. The universe is expanding due to the mechanical momentum of time since the big bang. Since the boundaries are moving, it will cause a negative pressure which will equal to the energy. This will cause the universe to expand at an accelerated rate.

Method
The mathematical model predicts the energy of a graviton that counters dark energy. It takes the three spacial dimensions as well as time into consideration.

Result
The results were that the dark energy predicted in the model causes accelerated growth of the universe which we could detect as greater redshift in further stars which supports the big bang theory being correct.