Draft:Original research/Safety

Safety is the "condition or feeling of being safe".

Just about any endeavor can be performed safely.

Safeness
Def.

is called safe.
 * 1) not "in danger; free from harm's reach",
 * 2) free "from risk; harmless; riskless",
 * 3) providing "protection from danger; providing shelter", or
 * 4) not "in danger from the specified source of harm"

Practical safety
Practical Safety can be defined as "anything done to prevent accidents or reduce their effects". It is generally a subject with much unnecessary confusion. Essentially, safety breaks down into 2 major categories:

Safety Technology: engineering solutions designed to eliminate / reduce hazards.

Safety Behaviour: defined safe actions used in conjunction with safety technology.

In order to control the design / input and to sustain both categories (voluntarily) Safety Management (application of management technques to control safety technology / behaviour) is necessary. The accepted world standard in this area is OHSAS18001. Templates are available to assist users in this endeavour, eg ISA2000. These can be certified by internationally recognized management systems certification organizations, eg ICS.

Safety Law: Statutory measures to enforce the above measures apply in most countries eg OHSA in the USA and EU law in Europe. Employers failing to adopt adequate safety management measures are liable to be prosecuted with resultant fines and possible imprisonment. Employers who do adopt such measures are likely to achieve significant savings in many areas of operation making them more competitive than their counterparts.

The snake and scorpion sign on the right from Arizona USA is a form of safety management.

Safety belts
Def. a "belt or strap that attaches a person to an immovable object for safety" is called a safety belt.

Safety calls
Def. a "prescheduled phone call to another person who knows where one is and who one was going out with, [where a] missed check-in (or using a pre-arranged code phrase for danger) signals one's contact person to call for help" is called a safety call.

Safety catches
Def. a "latching device that prevents accidental activation of a dangerous event; an interlock" is called a safety catch.

Safety factors
Def. a "ratio of the maximum stress or load which something can withstand to the stress or load which it was designed to withstand under normal operation" is called a safety factor.

Safety glasses
Def. glasses "(spectacles) designed to protect the eyes against flying objects such as dust etc" are called safety glasses.

Safety helmets
Def. any "helmet designed to protect the head from accidental injury, such as a bicycle helmet or construction helmet" is called a safety helmet.

Safety matches
Def. a "match designed so it can only be ignited on a special friction surface" is called a safety match.

Safety nets
Def. a "large net placed horizontally beneath performing aerialists such as trapeze artists or tightrope walkers, intended to catch a performer who falls and to protect him or her from harm" or anything, "such as a governmental program, that provides security against extreme disadvantage or misfortune" is called a safety net.

Safety pins
Def. "a pin, in the form of a clasp, that has a guard to cover the sharp point; used to join two pieces of fabric etc together temporarily" and "the pin of a hand grenade that prevents accidental detonation" is called a safety pin.

Safety razors
Def. a "razor, designed for safety, that protects the skin from all but the very edge of the blade (as opposed to a straight razor)" is called a safety razor.

Safety reflectors
Def. a retroreflector or "reflector intended for pedestrians, runners, motorized and non-motorized vehicles" is called a safety reflector.

Safety valves
Def. a "relief valve set to open at a pressure below that at which a container (such as a boiler) would burst" is called a safety valve.

Security
Def. a "condition of not being threatened, especially physically, psychologically, emotionally, or financially" or freedom "from apprehension" is called security.

Risks
Def. a "likelihood of a negative [such as an unhealthy] outcome" is called a risk.

Evaluating a risk may mean assigning a probability of an unhealthy occurrence, e.g., an experimental repellor vehicle 10 km above the Earth's surface with only one repellor system may have a higher probability of crashing back to the ground than another with quadruple independent systems available to repel the Earth.

Hypotheses

 * 1) Safety is conducting an experiment using 3300 coulombs in a capacitor and suffering no harm or radiation poisoning.