Esperanto/Lesson 8

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Ordinal numbers
Ordinal numbers are "first", "second", "third", etc.. In Esperanto, ordinal numbers are formed by tacking on the adjective ending -a onto the cardinal numbers and, if, necessary to combine the words using hyphens. If written with numerals, the ending is tacked on with a hyphen (1-a, 2-a, 11-a, etc.)

Affixes
Several suffixes are most commonly used with numbers, although they can be used with other words, too.

-obl-
The suffix "-obla"/"-oble" indicates a multiple of the number, e.g. "double"/"twice", "five times", etc.

-on-
The suffix "-ono" indicates a fraction of the number, e.g. "half", "fifth", etc.

-op-
The suffix "-ope" indicates a group of the size of the number, e.g. "duo", "quartet", etc.

po
po is a preposition that roughly means "each". It is, however, placed near what is divided, unlike English "each", which is placed near the word over which it is divided.

po can also be used with a phrase:

Like other prepositions, po can be used in compounds, especially in adverbials:

Exercises
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