Genetics/Course/Mutations

Mutations are changes in DNA that affect the order of nitrogen bases. Mutagens are factors in the environment that causes mutations.

Changes in chromosome structure
Chromosome mutations are changes in genetic material that involve entire chromosomes or pieces of them.
 * Deletion occurs when one or more genes may be lost entirely during division if crossover during meiosis is unequal.
 * Duplication results when the unequal crossover causes a duplication in some of the genes.
 * Translocation occurs when a piece of chromosome attaches to a chromosome in a different pair.
 * Inversion occurs when a piece of a chromosome breaks free and reattaches itself in a reverse order.