Internet Protocol Analysis/Address Assignment/Quiz

{ A link-local address is an Internet Protocol address that is { intended only for communications within the segment of a local network (a link) or a point-to-point connection that a host is connected to (i) _140 }.
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{ Routers { do not forward (i) _16 } packets with link-local addresses.
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{ Link-local addresses for IPv4 are defined in the address block { 169.254.0.0/16 _16 }.
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{ Link-local addresses for IPv6 are defined with the prefix { fe80::/64 (i) _11 }.
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{ Unlike { IPv4 (i) _6 }, { IPv6 (i) _6 } requires a link-local address to be assigned to every network interface on which the { IPv6 (i) _6 } protocol is enabled, even when one or more routable addresses are also assigned.
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{ The IPv6 link-local address is required for sublayer operations of { the Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) and DHCPv6 (i) _50 }.
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{ The Bootstrap Protocol, or BOOTP, is a network protocol used by a network client to { obtain an IP address from a configuration server (i) _50 }.
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{ The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a more advanced protocol for the same purpose as { BOOTP (i) _7 } and has superseded the use of { BOOTP (i) _7 }. DHCP is an extension of { BOOTP (i) _7 } and uses the same datagram format.
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{ Most DHCP servers also function as { BOOTP (i) _7 } servers.
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{ The BOOTP protocol replaced { the Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) (i) _48 }.
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{ BOOTP, and therefore DHCP, supports the use of a relay agent, which { allows BOOTP packets to be forwarded from the local network so that one central BOOTP server can serve hosts on many subnets (i) _126 }.
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{ The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol that is used to { configure network devices so that they can communicate on an IP network (i) _73 }.
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{ DHCP servers maintain { a database of available IP addresses and configuration information (i) _68 }.
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{ Network links without a DHCP server can use { DHCP (i) _6 } to receive messages from DHCP clients and forward them to DHCP servers.
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{ DHCP servers typically grant IP addresses to clients only for { a limited interval (i) _20 }. DHCP clients are responsible for { renewing their IP address before that interval has expired (i) _60 }, and must { stop using the address once the interval has expired, if they have not been able to renew it (i) _94 }.
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{ By default, clients attempt to renew their lease using { unicast (directed) (i) _20 } traffic starting at one half of lease time, also known as { renewal (i) _9 } time (T1).
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{ By default, clients attempt to renew their lease using { broadcast (i) _11 } traffic starting at 87.5% of lease time, also known as { rebinding (i) _11 } time (T2).
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{ DHCP servers assign addresses through either { dynamic or automatic allocation, or thorough static allocation (address reservations) (i) _87 }.
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{ DHCPv4 operations fall into four basic phases: { IP discovery, IP lease offer, IP request, and IP lease acknowledgement (i) _72 }. These points are often abbreviated as { DORA (Discovery, Offer, Request, Acknowledgement) (i) _51 }.
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{ DHCPv4 options provided to clients include { subnet mask, router (default gateway), domain name server, domain name, NetBIOS name servers (WINS), lease time, renewal time (T1), rebinding time (T2), and others (i) _165 }.
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{ The base DHCP protocol does not include any mechanism for authentication. Because of this, it is vulnerable to a variety of attacks including { unauthorized servers, unauthorized clients, and address exhaustion attacks from malicious clients (i) _99 }.
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{ DHCPv6 operations are similar to DHCPv4, but are described as { Solicit, Advertise, Request, and Reply (i) _40 }. Renewals are processed with { Renew and Reply (i) _17 }.
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{ DHCPv6-PD prefix delegation is used to { assign a network address prefix to a user site, configuring the user's router with the prefix to be used for each LAN (i) _119 }.
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