Internet Protocol Analysis/Multicast/Quiz

{ Multicast is the delivery of a message or information to { a group of destination computers simultaneously in a single transmission from the source (i) _90 }.
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{ Multicast uses network infrastructure efficiently by requiring the source to send a packet { only once (i) _11 }, even if it needs to be delivered to a large number of receivers.
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{ In multicast routing, there is always { one source and a group of destinations (i) _40 }.
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{ Broadcasting is a special case of muticasting in which { the group contains all hosts (i) _30 }.
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{ IPv4 multicast addresses were originally designated as Class { D (i) _3 }. The Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) prefix of this group is { 224.0.0.0/4 _13 } and includes addresses from { 224.0.0.0 _11 } through { 239.255.255.255 _17 }.
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{ The { 239.0.0.0/8 _13 } range is assigned by for private multicast use within an organization.
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{ IPv6 multicast addresses start with { ff00::/8 (i) _10 }.
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{ Ethernet frames with a value of 1 in the least-significant bit of the { first octet of the destination address (i) _40 } are treated as multicast (broadcast) frames and are sent to all network hosts.
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{ Ethernet IPv4 multicast frames have a destination MAC address starting with { 01-00-5E-xx-xx-xx (i) _19 }.
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{ Ethernet IPv6 multicast frames have a destination MAC address starting with { 33-33-xx-xx-xx-xx (i) _19 }.
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{ The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is a communications protocol used by hosts and adjacent routers on IPv4 networks to { establish multicast group memberships (i) _39 }.
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{ Multicast management on IPv6 networks is handled by { Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) (i) _36 } which uses { ICMPv6 (i) _8 } messaging.
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{ Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is an { Internet (i) _10 } layer protocol in the Internet Protocol Suite used with IPv6.
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{ NDP is responsible for { address autoconfiguration of nodes, discovery of other nodes on the link, determining the Link Layer addresses of other nodes, duplicate address detection, finding available routers and Domain Name System (DNS) servers, address prefix discovery, and maintaining reachability information about the paths to other active neighbor nodes (i) _335 }.
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{ NDP defines five ICMPv6 packet types: { Router Solicitation, Router Advertisement, Neighbor Solicitation, Neighbor Advertisement, and Redirect (i) _104 }.
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