Music/Software/Lilypond

Lilypond.org (GNU)]

 * This "GNU" version is the stronger of the two, with documentation so well written that users of the weaker and more restricted WMF version can glean useful information:
 * https://lilypond.org/manuals.html
 * Brief introduction to LilyPond
 * Manuals (available in three convenient formats)


 * The editor Frescobaldi is essential for this version. For a Windows machine, downloading instructions are available at:
 * lilypond.org/doc/v2.23/Documentation/learning/graphical-setup-under-windows

Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)

 * A restricted version of LilyPond has been installed for use by the Wikimedia Foundation. Two good resources for this version can be found at:
 * Wikipedia:Help:Score
 * Wikisource:Help:Sheet music



WAV, OGG, and MIDI sound files

 * The simple approach to sound used by the WMF version is described at Wikipedia's Help:Score#MIDI_instruments. As shown in the figure to the right, editors have the option of including a tab that not only plays the sound, but also allows readers to modify the playback speed, as well as download a MIDI sound file. The methods described by Wikipedia:Help:Score create what looks like an image from Wikimedia Commons. But it is actually hypertext markup.
 * The Lilypond.org (GNU) version is also suitable for WMF editors, provided adjustments are made to the Frescobald editor. These adjustments include changing the ouput format from pdf to an svg image.

Musical instruments available through the MIDI sound option
To hear a MIDI sound file for each of the 128 "instruments" available on LilyPond vist:
 * Music/Software/Lilypond/MIDI

This link allows you to play short riffs that samples the sound of these instruments at various tempos and pitches. Stravinsky's riff was deliberately made unmusical, with the last fermata extra long so that the listener can hear both rapid, as well as sustained notes. For example, if the MIDI instrument selection is #"bassoon", the corresponding WMF LilyPond script, score, and audio are:

The purpose of the  command was to remove all bar lines from the printed score. It has no effect on the tempo. Since three tempos are given for each "instrument", this code had to be written in 384 times, each with small changes in the parameters. The python code that performed this feat is documented at:
 * Python/LilyPond

Modifying the tempo
The tempo of the passages can be changed by replacing the text  by   to obtain:

Glockenspiel's strange harmonics
I noticed that the glockenspiel plays strange harmonics and subharmonics. In this passage all values of C are half-notes. -