Open Science/Week 13: International Cooperation in Open Science

Learning Outcomes

 * Identify open science issues related to international cooperation.
 * Describe contextual factors relevant to equitable  international collaboration.

Readings
“Framing a Situated and Inclusive Open Science: Emerging Lessons from the Open and Collaborative Science in Development Network” by Hillyer, R., Posada, A., Albornoz, D., Chan, L., & Okune, A. in Expanding Perspectives on Open Science: Communities, Cultures and Diversity in Concepts and Practices, 18, 2017, CC BY-NC. 16 pages.

“Developing Open Science in Africa: Barriers, Solutions and Opportunities” by Mwelwa, J., Boulton, G., Wafula, J. M., & Loucoubar, C. in Data Science Journal, 19: 31, (2020), Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. 18 pages.

In addition and based on student interest, assign one or more of these specific applications:

“Developing International Open Science Collaborations: Funder Reflections on the Open Science Prize” by Kittrie E, Atienza AA, Kiley R, Carr D, MacFarlane A, Pai V, et al. in PLoS Biol 15(8): e2002617, 2017, CC 0 1.0. 8 pages.

“Open Science Approaches to COVID-19” by Edwin, G. T., Klug, D. M., & Todd, M. H. in F1000Research, 9, 2020, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. 11 pages.

Discussion Question
Briefly summarize a study in your field that involved international cooperation. Highlight the extent to which the study incorporated open science practices. Comment on the factors in the study context that are relevant to equitable collaboration. Conclude your post with a question inviting further discussion.

Self-check Questions


{In “Framing a Situated and Inclusive Open Science,” the authors’ concept of development is informed by which of the following ideas? Choose the best answer. -Amartya Sen’s Human Capabilities Approach -the Latin American concept of buen vivir, roughly, good life -the African concept of Ubuntu, roughly, celebration of people living and working together +all of the above
 * type=""}
 * Try again. This answer is correct, but it is not the only answer, or the best answer. See pages 21-22.
 * Try again. This answer is correct, but it is not the only answer, or the best answer. See pages 21-22.
 * Try again. This answer is correct, but it is not the only answer, or the best answer. See pages 21-22.
 * Correct! See pages 21-22. Their analysis of development emphasizes human agency, collaboration, and socially-contextualized tools and forms of knowledge.

{In “Framing a Situated and Inclusive Open Science,” the researchers sought to place more emphasis on understanding which aspect of open science projects? -tools -infrastructure -cost models +power structures
 * type=""}
 * Try again. This is an aspect the authors said had been addressed in earlier work.
 * Try again. This is an aspect the authors said had been addressed in earlier work.
 * Try again. This is an aspect the authors said had been addressed in earlier work.
 * Correct! The researchers wanted to place more emphasis on power structures and said that tools, infrastructures, and cost models had been the focus of earlier studies.

{Which of the following were cross-cutting lessons or themes Hillyer and colleagues found in the case studies in “Framing a Situated and Inclusive Open Science”? Mark all that apply. +It is important for open science practitioners to build a common language. +Open science should be placed in a local context to get buy-in from local participants. +Take advantage of work that has already been done to avoid “reinventing the wheel.” -Collaborations should include at least one partner from the Global North.
 * type="[]"}
 * Correct! This was one of the researchers’ key recommendations.
 * Correct! This was one of the researchers’ key recommendations.
 * Correct! This was one of the researchers’ key recommendations.
 * Try again. The other three answers were among the researchers’ key conclusions, along with recommendations to take a critical approach to negotiating openness of processes and information and to engage in more interdisciplinary, cross-sector, and South-South collaborations.

{Mwelwa and colleagues employed four methods in “Developing Open Science in Africa.” In which order did they carry out the four phases? +literature review, analysis of broad scope of research questions, survey, thematic analysis of data. -survey, literature review, analysis of broad scope of research questions, thematic analysis of data -analysis of broad scope of research questions, literature review, thematic analysis of data, survey -none of the above
 * type=""}
 * Correct! See pages 6 and 7 for more details of the study design.
 * Try again. See pages 6 and 7.
 * Try again. See pages 6 and 7.
 * Try again. See pages 6 and 7.

{Which of the following issues were identified in “Developing Open Science in Africa” as creating resistance to open data sharing? Mark all that apply. +Researchers sought to publish multiple studies based on the same data set. -Researchers believed that rapid technological change meant that data sets quickly became obsolete. +Researchers felt a sense of ownership over data, even when its collection had been publicly funded. +Researchers from the Global South saw the benefits of open science going mostly to the North.
 * type="[]"}
 * Correct! The authors found that this issue created resistance to open data sharing. See pages 9 and 10.
 * Try again. The other three answers were issues identified in this study. See pages 9 and 10.
 * Correct! The authors found that this issue created resistance to open data sharing. See pages 9 and 10.
 * Correct! The authors found that this issue created resistance to open data sharing. See pages 9 and 10.