Pre-Late Egyptian Reconstruction/Templatic Class I

Egyptian words which follow Templatic Class I generally emit an underlining nominal characteristic.

The following paradigms equate to Osing and Schenkel's: Subjekts-Nominalisierungen: Nominalbildungsklasse I (forms 1-4).

AaBaC Forms
'Forms 1 - 4' appear to be specific to the infinitive and sometimes nouns.

AiBiC Forms
These forms may be better analyzed as an original adjectival vocalization as well as a true irregular counterpart to 'Forms 1 and 2' and they are discussed here:

The Infinitive
The infinitive may be said to express a verbal action, which in transitive verbs passes to an object and in intransitive verbs affects the subject initiating the action. The infinitive can express an active or a passive sense (in English translations of Coptic and Egyptian infinitives); e.g. OYωN- ‘to open’ or ‘to be opened’, TAKO - ‘to destroy’ or ‘to be destroyed’, TAϪPO - to make strong’ or ‘to be strengthened’. With intransitive verbs the infinitive expresses an action without a direct object, e.g. ϩωN - ‘to come near’; or it denotes the beginning of a condition or circumstance, e.g. †ϩE - ‘to become drunken’.

The infinitival inflections below follow different vocalizations.

a-Type Infinitives
The chart below outlines the formulas for those roots without ultimae-j/y consisting of what is called the a-Type pattern CaCaCaC :

a-Type Infinitives: Intransitives
Some intransitive verbs may model after Form 2. The change in stress seems to be determined by semantic criteria to at least an extent :

jarǎš - become cold [ⲀⲢⲞϢS] marǎš - become red/yellow [ⲘⲢⲞϢS] madǎn - be at rest [ⲘⲦⲞⲚS] mdnMEg - be quiet, mtnDem - repose ḥarǎš - become heavy [ϨⲢⲞϢS, ϨⲰⲢϢ- (lit: make heavy) make into a bad state] naḫǎt - be(come) strong [ⲚϢⲞⲦS, ⲚⲞⲨϢⲦs. - oppress, do violence] rawǎ d - be glad/eager/ready [ⲞⲨⲢⲞⲦS] rw d MEg - be firm, rwṱDem - be firm, fresh ḥalǎg - be merry, rejoice [ϨⲖⲞϬS - become sweet; take delight] ḥnrgMEg, ḥɜgLEg - be merry, rejoice; ḥlkDem - sweet wamǎt - [ⲞⲨⲘⲞⲦSB / ⲞⲨⲘⲀⲦS] - thicken ḥaqǎr - become hungry [ϨⲔⲞ]. d arāɜ - become strong, firm, victorious [ϪⲢⲞSAA 2 / ϬⲢⲞSB ~ d rDem] waꜥǎb - purifying [OYOΠS] jahǎm - to sigh, groan [ⲀϨⲞⲘ - mourning] qanǎs - [ⲔⲚⲞⲤ - stinking, stink, be putrid] = etymology is obscure: qnstDem - (fem) stinking. May come from qns - slay (which comes from Semitic) [ⲔⲰⲚⲤ - pierce, slay]


 * Note: All a-Type verbs utilize the vowel /a/ within its stem- when additions are added to the verb there is sometimes a shift in stress or syncopation occurs to fit in within stress rules- this is why some intransitives have the final syllable accented as there has been final syllable syncopation for syllabic adjustment purposes, so for example:
 * Ⲁ.Ⲛ.ⲀⲢⲞϢ - I became cold (intransitive)
 * Versus
 * Ⲁ.Ⲛ.ⲠOⲢϢ.Ϥ - I spread it (transitive)


 * Note 2: This same procedure also occurs with i-Type infinitives.

Conclusion & Final Formula
According to the above examples and studies, several conclusions can be had:


 * It appears the main infinitival construction followed Templatic Class I: Form 1 and existed for most if not all roots.
 * The |a < i| vowel replacement is discussed here but to summarize: a theory exists where there was a separate i-Type vocalization specific to the adjective-verb. This i-Type vocalization may have influenced the modification of some ultimae-j/y/ɜ/ꜥ roots.
 * These generalizations are based upon three major Coptic Infinitival sub-classes of vocalizations : a-Type, i-Type and Stative/Qualitative Adaptations.

Examples:

Egyptian Transitive: gmt.f jn ḥm.f => gǎmtaf n̩ ḥǎmaf - finding him by His Incarnation  t zt.j jb.j => t ăzti jǐbi - my lifting up my heart.

Egyptian Intransitive: prt sm => pǎrat sǎm (párat-sǎm) - the emerging of the sm-priest prt.s => pārtas - its emerging

Alternative Egyptian Spelling based upon ultimae-j: pǐrit sǎm => pǐjt sǎm (píjt-sǎm)colloquial/LE pǐrtas => pītascolloquial/LE

Nominal Forms
Egyptian Nouns which follow Templatic Class I: Form 1 and 2 [these forms may also be indistinguishable with Templatic Class II: Form 1] with an addition of feminine forms which caused alteration of stress and vowel quantity:

zǎp [COΠcopt] - time, occasion, turn tǎm(aɜ) [TOMcopt] - mat kǎɜ [KOcopt] - bull rǎɜ [POcopt] - door, mouth, gate, utterance, magic spell, speech rǎɜ [POcopt] - goose tǎɜ [TOcopt] - land, earth ḫǎɜ [ϢOcopt] - thousand ḥǎr [ϩOcopt] - face ḥǎp [ϩOΠcopt] - feast,; marriage feast, bride-chamber bǎ h [BOϩ, Bωωϩb. copt] - an idol in Alexandria (probably Buchis, sacred bull of Hermonthis) gǎs [ϬOCcopt] - half pǎ(y) [ΠOIcopt - bench] = pME - base, throne; pydem - seat. sǎɜ [COIcopt] - back (of man or beast) d ǎw [TOOYcopt] - mountain, desert wǎf(aɜ) [OYOϤcopt] - lung
 * List of 2-lit. AǎB roots:

ɜāḥat [EIωϩEcopt] - field sāḫat [CωϢEcopt] - field; meadow, country sāḫat [CωϩEcopt - weave] - plait, weave d ārat [TωPEcopt] - hand šāpat [ϢωΠEcopt] - cucumber (also sšpt, š(s)pt, špj) mānat [NOYNEcopt] - root nārat [NOYPEcopt] - vulture bādat [BωTEcopt] - emmer (a cereal) māmat [MOYMEcopt] - fountain, spring nāhat [NOYϩEcopt] - sycamore tree
 * List of 2-lit. AāBat (fem) roots:

zǎwat [COOYOcopt, COYAf. copt] - wheat (also corn in Demontic and Coptic)
 * List of 2-lit. AǎBat (fem) roots:

jāt(af) [EIωTcopt] - father mālaḥ [MOYλϩcopt] - wax rāma t [PωΜΕcopt] - man nābas [NOYBCcopt - Christ's tree] = nbsME/LE - a (type of) tree qābah [KωBϩcopt] - sinew, cord wānaš [OYωNϢcopt] - wolf jāpad [ωBTcopt] - goose (or other edible bird); poultry. jānar [ωNEcopt] - stone ꜥāb(aw) [ωBcopt] - lettuce šāꜥ(ay) [Ϣωcopt] - sand šām(aw) [ϢωMcopt] - summer ḫāpaš [ϢωΠϢcopt] - arm, foreleg (of animals) šādat [ϢωTEcopt] - water hole, well, pit, cistern šādat [ϢωTEcopt] - dough, flour sāšan [ϢωϢENcopt] - lotus (also zššn, sššn) šāp(aj) [ϢωΠcopt] - necklet or bracelet kā(ɜa)m [ϬωMcopt] - garden, vineyard, property bā(ɜa)k [BωKcopt] - servant b(aɜ)ākat [BωKIb. copt] - female servant
 * List of 3-lit. AāBaC roots:

jarā t at [EPωTEcopt] - milk
 * List of 3-lit. AaBāCat (fem) forms:

jǎbḥat [OBϩEcopt] - tooth jǎɜdat [EIωTEcopt, yꜥt̪ɜtdem] - dew šǎn d at[ϢONTEcopt] - thorn tree m(aɜ)āqat [MOYKEcopt] - ladder sǎn t ar [CONTEcopt - resin] - incense h ǎnmat [ϩONBEcopt] - spring, well jǎtraw [EIOOP(E)copt - canal] - river ḥǎfɜaw [ϩOϤcopt] - snake
 * List of 3-lit. AǎBCat (fem #2) roots:
 * List of 4-lit. AǎBCaD roots:

Medial Weak Radicals
kǎɜas [KOEIScopt - vessel (for liquids)] - a vessel (of metal) dǎyas [TO(E)ICcopt] - piece, rag (of cloth), linen tǎwat [TOOYEcopt - shoe; pair of shoes] - sandals. hǎɜan [ϩOEIMcopt] - wave (original hɜnw, hymdem) wǎ d aw [BOIT / OYOEIT] - ox; cow [w d - freely moving cattle]
 * 3.lit forms:

sǎwḥat [COOYϩE Copt] - egg bǎjnat [BOINE S.] - harp
 * 4.lit forms:

............