Quizbank/Bell/152874216222

Bell152874216222

Bell:Bell1:V0
Bell152874216222 1) If you play the solitaire game 3 times, you will on average lose ___ times.
 * a) 5
 * b) 1
 * c) 4
 * d) 2
 * e) 3

2) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * a) lose 1 point
 * b) win 1 point
 * c) win 3 points
 * d) lose 3 points
 * e) be disqualified for cheating

3) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 4&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * a) lose 3 points
 * b) win 3 points
 * c) be disqualified for cheating
 * d) lose 1 point
 * e) win 1 point

4) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following loses?
 * a) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * b) K and K&clubs;
 * c) two of these are true
 * d) none of these are true
 * e) K and K&spades;

5) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as either a "two" or a "three"?
 * a) 2/6
 * b) 5/6
 * c) 3/6
 * d) 1/6
 * e) 4/6

6) The normal distribution (often called a "bell curve") is usually skewed
 * a) True
 * b) False

7) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are made and p=.11, the expected number of positive outcomes is__. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution.
 * a) 3.3
 * b) 2.2
 * c) 1.1
 * d) 9.9

8) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as "two"?
 * a) 3/6
 * b) 1/6
 * c) 2/6
 * d) 4/6
 * e) 5/6

9) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 60&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power is passed by the filter?
 * a) 3mW
 * b) 9mW
 * c) 8mW
 * d) 6mW
 * e) 4mW

10) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * a) perpendicular
 * b) at 45 degrees
 * c) all of these are possible
 * d) parallel

KEY:Bell:Bell1:V0
Bell152874216222 1) If you play the solitaire game 3 times, you will on average lose ___ times.
 * -a) 5
 * +b) 1
 * -c) 4
 * -d) 2
 * -e) 3

2) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * -a) lose 1 point
 * +b) win 1 point
 * -c) win 3 points
 * -d) lose 3 points
 * -e) be disqualified for cheating

3) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 4&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * +a) lose 3 points
 * -b) win 3 points
 * -c) be disqualified for cheating
 * -d) lose 1 point
 * -e) win 1 point

4) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following loses?
 * -a) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * +b) K and K&clubs;
 * -c) two of these are true
 * -d) none of these are true
 * -e) K and K&spades;

5) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as either a "two" or a "three"?
 * +a) 2/6
 * -b) 5/6
 * -c) 3/6
 * -d) 1/6
 * -e) 4/6

6) The normal distribution (often called a "bell curve") is usually skewed
 * -a) True
 * +b) False

7) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are made and p=.11, the expected number of positive outcomes is__. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution.
 * -a) 3.3
 * -b) 2.2
 * -c) 1.1
 * +d) 9.9

8) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as "two"?
 * +a) 3/6
 * -b) 1/6
 * -c) 2/6
 * -d) 4/6
 * -e) 5/6

9) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 60&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power is passed by the filter?
 * +a) 3mW
 * -b) 9mW
 * -c) 8mW
 * -d) 6mW
 * -e) 4mW

10) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * +a) perpendicular
 * -b) at 45 degrees
 * -c) all of these are possible
 * -d) parallel

Bell:Bell1:V1
Bell152874216222 1) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * a) perpendicular
 * b) all of these are possible
 * c) at 45 degrees
 * d) parallel

2) The normal distribution (often called a "bell curve") is usually skewed
 * a) True
 * b) False

3) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following loses?
 * a) K and K&spades;
 * b) K and K&clubs;
 * c) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * d) two of these are true
 * e) none of these are true

4) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as either a "two" or a "three"?
 * a) 5/6
 * b) 2/6
 * c) 3/6
 * d) 4/6
 * e) 1/6

5) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 60&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power is passed by the filter?
 * a) 6mW
 * b) 4mW
 * c) 9mW
 * d) 3mW
 * e) 8mW

6) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 4&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * a) win 1 point
 * b) lose 3 points
 * c) be disqualified for cheating
 * d) win 3 points
 * e) lose 1 point

7) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as "two"?
 * a) 1/6
 * b) 4/6
 * c) 2/6
 * d) 3/6
 * e) 5/6

8) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * a) lose 1 point
 * b) be disqualified for cheating
 * c) lose 3 points
 * d) win 1 point
 * e) win 3 points

9) If you play the solitaire game 3 times, you will on average lose ___ times.
 * a) 3
 * b) 1
 * c) 5
 * d) 4
 * e) 2

10) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are made and p=.11, the expected number of positive outcomes is__. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution.
 * a) 2.2
 * b) 9.9
 * c) 1.1
 * d) 3.3

KEY:Bell:Bell1:V1
Bell152874216222 1) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * +a) perpendicular
 * -b) all of these are possible
 * -c) at 45 degrees
 * -d) parallel

2) The normal distribution (often called a "bell curve") is usually skewed
 * -a) True
 * +b) False

3) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following loses?
 * -a) K and K&spades;
 * +b) K and K&clubs;
 * -c) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * -d) two of these are true
 * -e) none of these are true

4) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as either a "two" or a "three"?
 * -a) 5/6
 * +b) 2/6
 * -c) 3/6
 * -d) 4/6
 * -e) 1/6

5) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 60&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power is passed by the filter?
 * -a) 6mW
 * -b) 4mW
 * -c) 9mW
 * +d) 3mW
 * -e) 8mW

6) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 4&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * -a) win 1 point
 * +b) lose 3 points
 * -c) be disqualified for cheating
 * -d) win 3 points
 * -e) lose 1 point

7) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as "two"?
 * -a) 1/6
 * -b) 4/6
 * -c) 2/6
 * +d) 3/6
 * -e) 5/6

8) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * -a) lose 1 point
 * -b) be disqualified for cheating
 * -c) lose 3 points
 * +d) win 1 point
 * -e) win 3 points

9) If you play the solitaire game 3 times, you will on average lose ___ times.
 * -a) 3
 * +b) 1
 * -c) 5
 * -d) 4
 * -e) 2

10) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are made and p=.11, the expected number of positive outcomes is__. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution.
 * -a) 2.2
 * +b) 9.9
 * -c) 1.1
 * -d) 3.3

Bell:Bell1:V2
Bell152874216222 1) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 4&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * a) win 3 points
 * b) be disqualified for cheating
 * c) lose 1 point
 * d) lose 3 points
 * e) win 1 point

2) If you play the solitaire game 3 times, you will on average lose ___ times.
 * a) 5
 * b) 2
 * c) 1
 * d) 3
 * e) 4

3) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are made and p=.11, the expected number of positive outcomes is__. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution.
 * a) 9.9
 * b) 2.2
 * c) 1.1
 * d) 3.3

4) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 60&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power is passed by the filter?
 * a) 4mW
 * b) 8mW
 * c) 9mW
 * d) 6mW
 * e) 3mW

5) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following loses?
 * a) K and K&spades;
 * b) K and K&clubs;
 * c) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * d) none of these are true
 * e) two of these are true

6) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * a) lose 1 point
 * b) win 1 point
 * c) win 3 points
 * d) be disqualified for cheating
 * e) lose 3 points

7) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as "two"?
 * a) 5/6
 * b) 2/6
 * c) 3/6
 * d) 4/6
 * e) 1/6

8) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as either a "two" or a "three"?
 * a) 4/6
 * b) 3/6
 * c) 1/6
 * d) 5/6
 * e) 2/6

9) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * a) perpendicular
 * b) parallel
 * c) at 45 degrees
 * d) all of these are possible

10) The normal distribution (often called a "bell curve") is usually skewed
 * a) True
 * b) False

KEY:Bell:Bell1:V2
Bell152874216222 1) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 4&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * -a) win 3 points
 * -b) be disqualified for cheating
 * -c) lose 1 point
 * +d) lose 3 points
 * -e) win 1 point

2) If you play the solitaire game 3 times, you will on average lose ___ times.
 * -a) 5
 * -b) 2
 * +c) 1
 * -d) 3
 * -e) 4

3) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are made and p=.11, the expected number of positive outcomes is__. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution.
 * +a) 9.9
 * -b) 2.2
 * -c) 1.1
 * -d) 3.3

4) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 60&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power is passed by the filter?
 * -a) 4mW
 * -b) 8mW
 * -c) 9mW
 * -d) 6mW
 * +e) 3mW

5) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following loses?
 * -a) K and K&spades;
 * +b) K and K&clubs;
 * -c) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * -d) none of these are true
 * -e) two of these are true

6) Your solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;, you would__
 * -a) lose 1 point
 * +b) win 1 point
 * -c) win 3 points
 * -d) be disqualified for cheating
 * -e) lose 3 points

7) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as "two"?
 * -a) 5/6
 * -b) 2/6
 * +c) 3/6
 * -d) 4/6
 * -e) 1/6

8) What is the probability of success, p, for a binary distribution using a six-sided die, with success defined as either a "two" or a "three"?
 * -a) 4/6
 * -b) 3/6
 * -c) 1/6
 * -d) 5/6
 * +e) 2/6

9) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * +a) perpendicular
 * -b) parallel
 * -c) at 45 degrees
 * -d) all of these are possible

10) The normal distribution (often called a "bell curve") is usually skewed
 * -a) True
 * +b) False

Bell:Bell2:V0
Bell152874216222 1) A mathematically pure (strictly monochromatic) __________ wave (oscillation) that is unpolarized cannot be created
 * a) pendulum
 * b) electromagnetic or pendulum
 * c) electromagnetic
 * d) both can be created

2) Suppose the referee selects neutral scoring with $$Q =\frac{4}{3}\left(\frac{1-P_S}{P_S}\right).$$ What is the penalty if the probability of asking the same question is 0.5?
 * a) $$0$$
 * b) $$\infty$$
 * c) $$3$$
 * d) $$4/3$$
 * e) $$4$$

3) Why is the referee smoking a pipe?
 * a) The CC-BY-SA license denies the right to modify File:Silhouette Mr Pipo.svg.
 * b) The paper's author wishes to promote pipe smoking among college students.
 * c) The paper's author either likes the pipe or was too busy to remove it.
 * d) It is nearly impossible for Inkscape to modify an svg file.

4) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 5&spades; to A&spades;?
 * a) no points awarded or lost
 * b) win 1 point
 * c) lose 3 points
 * d) lose Q points

5) A photon is polarized at 5&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 65&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * a) 3/4
 * b) 1
 * c) 1/4
 * d) 0
 * e) 1/2

6) This figure is associated with
 * a) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * b) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * c) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)
 * d) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * e) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.

7) A photon is polarized at 10&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 40&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * a) 1
 * b) 1/4
 * c) 3/4
 * d) 1/2
 * e) 0

8) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 3/5
 * b) 3/4
 * c) 5/6
 * d) 2/4=1/2
 * e) 2/5

9) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(even), or the probability that the number is even?
 * a) 1/2
 * b) 3/4
 * c) 1/4
 * d) 1
 * e) 0
 * f) 5/4

10) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 3/5
 * b) 2/5
 * c) 2/4=1/2
 * d) 5/6
 * e) 3/4

KEY:Bell:Bell2:V0
Bell152874216222 1) A mathematically pure (strictly monochromatic) __________ wave (oscillation) that is unpolarized cannot be created
 * -a) pendulum
 * +b) electromagnetic or pendulum
 * -c) electromagnetic
 * -d) both can be created

2) Suppose the referee selects neutral scoring with $$Q =\frac{4}{3}\left(\frac{1-P_S}{P_S}\right).$$ What is the penalty if the probability of asking the same question is 0.5?
 * -a) $$0$$
 * -b) $$\infty$$
 * -c) $$3$$
 * +d) $$4/3$$
 * -e) $$4$$

3) Why is the referee smoking a pipe?
 * -a) The CC-BY-SA license denies the right to modify File:Silhouette Mr Pipo.svg.
 * -b) The paper's author wishes to promote pipe smoking among college students.
 * +c) The paper's author either likes the pipe or was too busy to remove it.
 * -d) It is nearly impossible for Inkscape to modify an svg file.

4) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 5&spades; to A&spades;?
 * -a) no points awarded or lost
 * -b) win 1 point
 * -c) lose 3 points
 * +d) lose Q points

5) A photon is polarized at 5&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 65&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * -a) 3/4
 * -b) 1
 * +c) 1/4
 * -d) 0
 * -e) 1/2

6) This figure is associated with
 * -a) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * -b) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * -c) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)
 * +d) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * -e) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.

7) A photon is polarized at 10&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 40&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * -a) 1
 * -b) 1/4
 * +c) 3/4
 * -d) 1/2
 * -e) 0

8) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * -a) 3/5
 * -b) 3/4
 * -c) 5/6
 * -d) 2/4=1/2
 * +e) 2/5

9) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(even), or the probability that the number is even?
 * +a) 1/2
 * -b) 3/4
 * -c) 1/4
 * -d) 1
 * -e) 0
 * -f) 5/4

10) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * +a) 3/5
 * -b) 2/5
 * -c) 2/4=1/2
 * -d) 5/6
 * -e) 3/4

Bell:Bell2:V1
Bell152874216222 1) Why is the referee smoking a pipe?
 * a) The paper's author wishes to promote pipe smoking among college students.
 * b) It is nearly impossible for Inkscape to modify an svg file.
 * c) The paper's author either likes the pipe or was too busy to remove it.
 * d) The CC-BY-SA license denies the right to modify File:Silhouette Mr Pipo.svg.

2) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(even), or the probability that the number is even?
 * a) 1
 * b) 0
 * c) 3/4
 * d) 1/4
 * e) 5/4
 * f) 1/2

3) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 5/6
 * b) 3/4
 * c) 2/5
 * d) 3/5
 * e) 2/4=1/2

4) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 2/4=1/2
 * b) 3/4
 * c) 5/6
 * d) 2/5
 * e) 3/5

5) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 5&spades; to A&spades;?
 * a) lose Q points
 * b) no points awarded or lost
 * c) win 1 point
 * d) lose 3 points

6) A mathematically pure (strictly monochromatic) __________ wave (oscillation) that is unpolarized cannot be created
 * a) electromagnetic
 * b) both can be created
 * c) pendulum
 * d) electromagnetic or pendulum

7) A photon is polarized at 10&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 40&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * a) 3/4
 * b) 1
 * c) 0
 * d) 1/4
 * e) 1/2

8) Suppose the referee selects neutral scoring with $$Q =\frac{4}{3}\left(\frac{1-P_S}{P_S}\right).$$ What is the penalty if the probability of asking the same question is 0.5?
 * a) $$3$$
 * b) $$4$$
 * c) $$0$$
 * d) $$4/3$$
 * e) $$\infty$$

9) A photon is polarized at 5&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 65&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * a) 1/4
 * b) 0
 * c) 3/4
 * d) 1
 * e) 1/2

10) This figure is associated with
 * a) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * b) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * c) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * d) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.
 * e) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)

KEY:Bell:Bell2:V1
Bell152874216222 1) Why is the referee smoking a pipe?
 * -a) The paper's author wishes to promote pipe smoking among college students.
 * -b) It is nearly impossible for Inkscape to modify an svg file.
 * +c) The paper's author either likes the pipe or was too busy to remove it.
 * -d) The CC-BY-SA license denies the right to modify File:Silhouette Mr Pipo.svg.

2) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(even), or the probability that the number is even?
 * -a) 1
 * -b) 0
 * -c) 3/4
 * -d) 1/4
 * -e) 5/4
 * +f) 1/2

3) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * -a) 5/6
 * -b) 3/4
 * +c) 2/5
 * -d) 3/5
 * -e) 2/4=1/2

4) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * -a) 2/4=1/2
 * -b) 3/4
 * -c) 5/6
 * -d) 2/5
 * +e) 3/5

5) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 5&spades; to A&spades;?
 * +a) lose Q points
 * -b) no points awarded or lost
 * -c) win 1 point
 * -d) lose 3 points

6) A mathematically pure (strictly monochromatic) __________ wave (oscillation) that is unpolarized cannot be created
 * -a) electromagnetic
 * -b) both can be created
 * -c) pendulum
 * +d) electromagnetic or pendulum

7) A photon is polarized at 10&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 40&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * +a) 3/4
 * -b) 1
 * -c) 0
 * -d) 1/4
 * -e) 1/2

8) Suppose the referee selects neutral scoring with $$Q =\frac{4}{3}\left(\frac{1-P_S}{P_S}\right).$$ What is the penalty if the probability of asking the same question is 0.5?
 * -a) $$3$$
 * -b) $$4$$
 * -c) $$0$$
 * +d) $$4/3$$
 * -e) $$\infty$$

9) A photon is polarized at 5&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 65&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * +a) 1/4
 * -b) 0
 * -c) 3/4
 * -d) 1
 * -e) 1/2

10) This figure is associated with
 * -a) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * -b) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * +c) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * -d) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.
 * -e) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)

Bell:Bell2:V2
Bell152874216222 1) A photon is polarized at 10&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 40&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * a) 1/2
 * b) 1
 * c) 0
 * d) 3/4
 * e) 1/4

2) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 2/4=1/2
 * b) 3/4
 * c) 3/5
 * d) 2/5
 * e) 5/6

3) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 5&spades; to A&spades;?
 * a) lose Q points
 * b) win 1 point
 * c) no points awarded or lost
 * d) lose 3 points

4) Why is the referee smoking a pipe?
 * a) The paper's author wishes to promote pipe smoking among college students.
 * b) The paper's author either likes the pipe or was too busy to remove it.
 * c) The CC-BY-SA license denies the right to modify File:Silhouette Mr Pipo.svg.
 * d) It is nearly impossible for Inkscape to modify an svg file.

5) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 3/4
 * b) 2/4=1/2
 * c) 2/5
 * d) 3/5
 * e) 5/6

6) A photon is polarized at 5&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 65&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * a) 1/2
 * b) 1
 * c) 1/4
 * d) 0
 * e) 3/4

7) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(even), or the probability that the number is even?
 * a) 1/4
 * b) 1/2
 * c) 0
 * d) 5/4
 * e) 1
 * f) 3/4

8) Suppose the referee selects neutral scoring with $$Q =\frac{4}{3}\left(\frac{1-P_S}{P_S}\right).$$ What is the penalty if the probability of asking the same question is 0.5?
 * a) $$3$$
 * b) $$\infty$$
 * c) $$4$$
 * d) $$0$$
 * e) $$4/3$$

9) This figure is associated with
 * a) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)
 * b) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * c) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.
 * d) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * e) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)

10) A mathematically pure (strictly monochromatic) __________ wave (oscillation) that is unpolarized cannot be created
 * a) pendulum
 * b) both can be created
 * c) electromagnetic
 * d) electromagnetic or pendulum

KEY:Bell:Bell2:V2
Bell152874216222 1) A photon is polarized at 10&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 40&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * -a) 1/2
 * -b) 1
 * -c) 0
 * +d) 3/4
 * -e) 1/4

2) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * -a) 2/4=1/2
 * -b) 3/4
 * -c) 3/5
 * +d) 2/5
 * -e) 5/6

3) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 5&spades; to A&spades;?
 * +a) lose Q points
 * -b) win 1 point
 * -c) no points awarded or lost
 * -d) lose 3 points

4) Why is the referee smoking a pipe?
 * -a) The paper's author wishes to promote pipe smoking among college students.
 * +b) The paper's author either likes the pipe or was too busy to remove it.
 * -c) The CC-BY-SA license denies the right to modify File:Silhouette Mr Pipo.svg.
 * -d) It is nearly impossible for Inkscape to modify an svg file.

5) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * -a) 3/4
 * -b) 2/4=1/2
 * -c) 2/5
 * +d) 3/5
 * -e) 5/6

6) A photon is polarized at 5&deg; when it encounters a filter oriented at 65&deg;. What is the probability that it is blocked?
 * -a) 1/2
 * -b) 1
 * +c) 1/4
 * -d) 0
 * -e) 3/4

7) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(even), or the probability that the number is even?
 * -a) 1/4
 * +b) 1/2
 * -c) 0
 * -d) 5/4
 * -e) 1
 * -f) 3/4

8) Suppose the referee selects neutral scoring with $$Q =\frac{4}{3}\left(\frac{1-P_S}{P_S}\right).$$ What is the penalty if the probability of asking the same question is 0.5?
 * -a) $$3$$
 * -b) $$\infty$$
 * -c) $$4$$
 * -d) $$0$$
 * +e) $$4/3$$

9) This figure is associated with
 * -a) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)
 * -b) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * -c) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.
 * -d) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * +e) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)

10) A mathematically pure (strictly monochromatic) __________ wave (oscillation) that is unpolarized cannot be created
 * -a) pendulum
 * -b) both can be created
 * -c) electromagnetic
 * +d) electromagnetic or pendulum

Bell:Bell3:V0
Bell152874216222 1) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following wins?
 * a) K and K&spades;
 * b) none of these are true
 * c) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * d) two of these are true
 * e) K and K&clubs;

2) If you play the solitaire game 6 times, you will on average win ___ times.
 * a) 6
 * b) 5
 * c) 4
 * d) 3
 * e) 2

3) The binomial distribution results from observing n outcomes, each having a probability p of "success"
 * a) True
 * b) False

4) A local college averages 2500 new incoming students each year. Suppose the pool of potential high school graduates in the local area is so large that the probability of a given student selecting this college is small, and assume a variance of &sigma;2 equal to p(1-p).  What standard deviation would you expect in the yearly total of new enrollees, assuming nothing changes in this population from year to year?
 * a) 150
 * b) 50
 * c) 200
 * d) 250
 * e) 500

5) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are observed, then 68% of the time the observed number of positive outcomes will fall within &plusmn;___ of the expected value if p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution).
 * a) 9
 * b) 1
 * c) 18
 * d) 3
 * e) 6

6) Recall that only 4.6% of the outcomes for a normal distribution lie outside of two standard deviations from the mean, and approximate the binomial distribution as normal for large numbers. If the variance is  &sigma;2=np(1-p) where n is the number of trials and p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome for 90 trials, roughly 98% of the outcomes will be smaller than approximately __
 * a) 12
 * b) 16
 * c) 6
 * d) 22
 * e) 8

7) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. Unpolarized light impinges on three linear filters. The second is oriented 30&deg; from the first, and the third is rotated by an additional 60&deg;, making it at right angles from the first filter.  What fraction of the power incident on the first filter emerges from the last?
 * a) 1/8
 * b) 3/16
 * c) 1/16
 * d) 3/32
 * e) 1/32

8) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.  By what factor does a filter reduce the electric field if it is oriented 30&deg; to that field?
 * a) $$\tfrac 1 4$$
 * b) $$\tfrac 3 4$$
 * c) $$\tfrac 1 \sqrt 2$$
 * d) $$\tfrac 1 2$$
 * e) $$\tfrac \sqrt 3 2$$

9) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 30&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power passes the filter?
 * a) 8mW
 * b) 3mW
 * c) 6mW
 * d) 9mW
 * e) 4mW

10) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * a) at 45 degrees
 * b) all of these are possible
 * c) parallel
 * d) perpendicular

11) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 4 to A?
 * a) no points awarded or lost
 * b) lose 3 points
 * c) win 1 point
 * d) lose Q points

12) Suppose referee adopts neutral scoring with Q=4 and asks the same question with a probability PS=0.25. This reduces the average loss rate for their partners for the following reason:  Consider a probability space with
 * a) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning twice. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * b) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning once but losing twice.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * c) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * d) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning twice but losing once.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.
 * e) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.

13) Suppose the partners choose the &beta; strategy (which was not available in the solitaire version). What are the best and worst possible outcomes for the partners? (Assume for this question that $$Q>3$$)
 * a) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * b) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * c) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$
 * d) None of these is correct
 * e) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$

14) If a 3 eV photon strikes a metal plate and causes an electron to escape, that electron will have a kinetic energy that is
 * a) equal to 3 eV
 * b) zero
 * c) less than 3 eV
 * d) greater than 3 eV
 * e) equal to 6 eV

15) If an atom emits two photons in a cascade emission and both photons have 2 eV of energy, the atom's energy
 * a) increases by 4 eV
 * b) stays the same
 * c) decreases by 4 eV
 * d) increases by 2 eV
 * e) decreases by 2 eV

16) This figure is associated with
 * a) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * b) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)
 * c) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * d) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * e) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.

17) Two black bodies of are created by cutting identical small holes in two large containers. The holes are oriented so that all the photons leaving one will enter the other.  The objects have different temperature and different volume. Which object has the greater electromagnetic ("photon") energy?
 * a) The hotter object has a greater energy.
 * b) They have the same energy (since the holes are identical).
 * c) No unique answer exists because two variables are involved (temperature and volume).
 * d) The larger object has a greater energy.

18) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(prime)+P(even), or the sum of the probability that it is even, plus the probability that it is prime?
 * a) 1/2
 * b) 1
 * c) 5/4
 * d) 0
 * e) 3/4
 * f) 1/4

19) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 5/6
 * b) 2/5
 * c) 3/4
 * d) 3/5
 * e) 2/4=1/2

20) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is the probability that it is both even and prime?
 * a) 1
 * b) 5/4
 * c) 3/4
 * d) 1/2
 * e) 0
 * f) 1/4

KEY:Bell:Bell3:V0
Bell152874216222 1) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following wins?
 * -a) K and K&spades;
 * -b) none of these are true
 * -c) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * +d) two of these are true
 * -e) K and K&clubs;

2) If you play the solitaire game 6 times, you will on average win ___ times.
 * -a) 6
 * -b) 5
 * +c) 4
 * -d) 3
 * -e) 2

3) The binomial distribution results from observing n outcomes, each having a probability p of "success"
 * +a) True
 * -b) False

4) A local college averages 2500 new incoming students each year. Suppose the pool of potential high school graduates in the local area is so large that the probability of a given student selecting this college is small, and assume a variance of &sigma;2 equal to p(1-p).  What standard deviation would you expect in the yearly total of new enrollees, assuming nothing changes in this population from year to year?
 * -a) 150
 * +b) 50
 * -c) 200
 * -d) 250
 * -e) 500

5) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are observed, then 68% of the time the observed number of positive outcomes will fall within &plusmn;___ of the expected value if p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution).
 * -a) 9
 * -b) 1
 * -c) 18
 * +d) 3
 * -e) 6

6) Recall that only 4.6% of the outcomes for a normal distribution lie outside of two standard deviations from the mean, and approximate the binomial distribution as normal for large numbers. If the variance is  &sigma;2=np(1-p) where n is the number of trials and p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome for 90 trials, roughly 98% of the outcomes will be smaller than approximately __
 * -a) 12
 * +b) 16
 * -c) 6
 * -d) 22
 * -e) 8

7) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. Unpolarized light impinges on three linear filters. The second is oriented 30&deg; from the first, and the third is rotated by an additional 60&deg;, making it at right angles from the first filter.  What fraction of the power incident on the first filter emerges from the last?
 * -a) 1/8
 * -b) 3/16
 * -c) 1/16
 * +d) 3/32
 * -e) 1/32

8) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.  By what factor does a filter reduce the electric field if it is oriented 30&deg; to that field?
 * -a) $$\tfrac 1 4$$
 * -b) $$\tfrac 3 4$$
 * -c) $$\tfrac 1 \sqrt 2$$
 * -d) $$\tfrac 1 2$$
 * +e) $$\tfrac \sqrt 3 2$$

9) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 30&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power passes the filter?
 * -a) 8mW
 * -b) 3mW
 * -c) 6mW
 * +d) 9mW
 * -e) 4mW

10) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * -a) at 45 degrees
 * -b) all of these are possible
 * -c) parallel
 * +d) perpendicular

11) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 4 to A?
 * -a) no points awarded or lost
 * +b) lose 3 points
 * -c) win 1 point
 * -d) lose Q points

12) Suppose referee adopts neutral scoring with Q=4 and asks the same question with a probability PS=0.25. This reduces the average loss rate for their partners for the following reason:  Consider a probability space with
 * -a) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning twice. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * -b) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning once but losing twice.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * -c) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * +d) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning twice but losing once.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.
 * -e) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.

13) Suppose the partners choose the &beta; strategy (which was not available in the solitaire version). What are the best and worst possible outcomes for the partners? (Assume for this question that $$Q>3$$)
 * -a) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * -b) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * -c) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$
 * -d) None of these is correct
 * +e) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$

14) If a 3 eV photon strikes a metal plate and causes an electron to escape, that electron will have a kinetic energy that is
 * -a) equal to 3 eV
 * -b) zero
 * +c) less than 3 eV
 * -d) greater than 3 eV
 * -e) equal to 6 eV

15) If an atom emits two photons in a cascade emission and both photons have 2 eV of energy, the atom's energy
 * -a) increases by 4 eV
 * -b) stays the same
 * +c) decreases by 4 eV
 * -d) increases by 2 eV
 * -e) decreases by 2 eV

16) This figure is associated with
 * -a) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * +b) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)
 * -c) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * -d) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * -e) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.

17) Two black bodies of are created by cutting identical small holes in two large containers. The holes are oriented so that all the photons leaving one will enter the other.  The objects have different temperature and different volume. Which object has the greater electromagnetic ("photon") energy?
 * -a) The hotter object has a greater energy.
 * -b) They have the same energy (since the holes are identical).
 * +c) No unique answer exists because two variables are involved (temperature and volume).
 * -d) The larger object has a greater energy.

18) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(prime)+P(even), or the sum of the probability that it is even, plus the probability that it is prime?
 * -a) 1/2
 * -b) 1
 * +c) 5/4
 * -d) 0
 * -e) 3/4
 * -f) 1/4

19) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * -a) 5/6
 * +b) 2/5
 * -c) 3/4
 * -d) 3/5
 * -e) 2/4=1/2

20) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is the probability that it is both even and prime?
 * -a) 1
 * -b) 5/4
 * -c) 3/4
 * -d) 1/2
 * -e) 0
 * +f) 1/4

Bell:Bell3:V1
Bell152874216222 1) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are observed, then 68% of the time the observed number of positive outcomes will fall within &plusmn;___ of the expected value if p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution).
 * a) 18
 * b) 1
 * c) 3
 * d) 9
 * e) 6

2) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following wins?
 * a) K and K&spades;
 * b) none of these are true
 * c) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * d) K and K&clubs;
 * e) two of these are true

3) Suppose referee adopts neutral scoring with Q=4 and asks the same question with a probability PS=0.25. This reduces the average loss rate for their partners for the following reason:  Consider a probability space with
 * a) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning twice. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * b) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.
 * c) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning once but losing twice.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * d) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * e) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning twice but losing once.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.

4) If an atom emits two photons in a cascade emission and both photons have 2 eV of energy, the atom's energy
 * a) decreases by 2 eV
 * b) increases by 4 eV
 * c) decreases by 4 eV
 * d) increases by 2 eV
 * e) stays the same

5) If a 3 eV photon strikes a metal plate and causes an electron to escape, that electron will have a kinetic energy that is
 * a) equal to 6 eV
 * b) greater than 3 eV
 * c) equal to 3 eV
 * d) less than 3 eV
 * e) zero

6) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * a) all of these are possible
 * b) at 45 degrees
 * c) parallel
 * d) perpendicular

7) Two black bodies of are created by cutting identical small holes in two large containers. The holes are oriented so that all the photons leaving one will enter the other.  The objects have different temperature and different volume. Which object has the greater electromagnetic ("photon") energy?
 * a) No unique answer exists because two variables are involved (temperature and volume).
 * b) The hotter object has a greater energy.
 * c) They have the same energy (since the holes are identical).
 * d) The larger object has a greater energy.

8) The binomial distribution results from observing n outcomes, each having a probability p of "success"
 * a) True
 * b) False

9) A local college averages 2500 new incoming students each year. Suppose the pool of potential high school graduates in the local area is so large that the probability of a given student selecting this college is small, and assume a variance of &sigma;2 equal to p(1-p).  What standard deviation would you expect in the yearly total of new enrollees, assuming nothing changes in this population from year to year?
 * a) 50
 * b) 500
 * c) 200
 * d) 150
 * e) 250

10) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.  By what factor does a filter reduce the electric field if it is oriented 30&deg; to that field?
 * a) $$\tfrac 1 \sqrt 2$$
 * b) $$\tfrac \sqrt 3 2$$
 * c) $$\tfrac 1 2$$
 * d) $$\tfrac 1 4$$
 * e) $$\tfrac 3 4$$

11) Suppose the partners choose the &beta; strategy (which was not available in the solitaire version). What are the best and worst possible outcomes for the partners? (Assume for this question that $$Q>3$$)
 * a) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * b) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$
 * c) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * d) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$
 * e) None of these is correct

12) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(prime)+P(even), or the sum of the probability that it is even, plus the probability that it is prime?
 * a) 3/4
 * b) 1
 * c) 0
 * d) 1/4
 * e) 1/2
 * f) 5/4

13) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 4 to A?
 * a) no points awarded or lost
 * b) lose 3 points
 * c) lose Q points
 * d) win 1 point

14) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. Unpolarized light impinges on three linear filters. The second is oriented 30&deg; from the first, and the third is rotated by an additional 60&deg;, making it at right angles from the first filter.  What fraction of the power incident on the first filter emerges from the last?
 * a) 1/16
 * b) 1/32
 * c) 1/8
 * d) 3/32
 * e) 3/16

15) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 2/5
 * b) 2/4=1/2
 * c) 3/4
 * d) 3/5
 * e) 5/6

16) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is the probability that it is both even and prime?
 * a) 3/4
 * b) 1/2
 * c) 1/4
 * d) 1
 * e) 0
 * f) 5/4

17) Recall that only 4.6% of the outcomes for a normal distribution lie outside of two standard deviations from the mean, and approximate the binomial distribution as normal for large numbers. If the variance is  &sigma;2=np(1-p) where n is the number of trials and p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome for 90 trials, roughly 98% of the outcomes will be smaller than approximately __
 * a) 8
 * b) 16
 * c) 12
 * d) 6
 * e) 22

18) If you play the solitaire game 6 times, you will on average win ___ times.
 * a) 2
 * b) 4
 * c) 6
 * d) 3
 * e) 5

19) This figure is associated with
 * a) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * b) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * c) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * d) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.
 * e) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)

20) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 30&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power passes the filter?
 * a) 3mW
 * b) 4mW
 * c) 6mW
 * d) 9mW
 * e) 8mW

KEY:Bell:Bell3:V1
Bell152874216222 1) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are observed, then 68% of the time the observed number of positive outcomes will fall within &plusmn;___ of the expected value if p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution).
 * -a) 18
 * -b) 1
 * +c) 3
 * -d) 9
 * -e) 6

2) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following wins?
 * -a) K and K&spades;
 * -b) none of these are true
 * -c) K&spades; and K&clubs;
 * -d) K and K&clubs;
 * +e) two of these are true

3) Suppose referee adopts neutral scoring with Q=4 and asks the same question with a probability PS=0.25. This reduces the average loss rate for their partners for the following reason:  Consider a probability space with
 * -a) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning twice. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * -b) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.
 * -c) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning once but losing twice.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * -d) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * +e) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning twice but losing once.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.

4) If an atom emits two photons in a cascade emission and both photons have 2 eV of energy, the atom's energy
 * -a) decreases by 2 eV
 * -b) increases by 4 eV
 * +c) decreases by 4 eV
 * -d) increases by 2 eV
 * -e) stays the same

5) If a 3 eV photon strikes a metal plate and causes an electron to escape, that electron will have a kinetic energy that is
 * -a) equal to 6 eV
 * -b) greater than 3 eV
 * -c) equal to 3 eV
 * +d) less than 3 eV
 * -e) zero

6) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * -a) all of these are possible
 * -b) at 45 degrees
 * -c) parallel
 * +d) perpendicular

7) Two black bodies of are created by cutting identical small holes in two large containers. The holes are oriented so that all the photons leaving one will enter the other.  The objects have different temperature and different volume. Which object has the greater electromagnetic ("photon") energy?
 * +a) No unique answer exists because two variables are involved (temperature and volume).
 * -b) The hotter object has a greater energy.
 * -c) They have the same energy (since the holes are identical).
 * -d) The larger object has a greater energy.

8) The binomial distribution results from observing n outcomes, each having a probability p of "success"
 * +a) True
 * -b) False

9) A local college averages 2500 new incoming students each year. Suppose the pool of potential high school graduates in the local area is so large that the probability of a given student selecting this college is small, and assume a variance of &sigma;2 equal to p(1-p).  What standard deviation would you expect in the yearly total of new enrollees, assuming nothing changes in this population from year to year?
 * +a) 50
 * -b) 500
 * -c) 200
 * -d) 150
 * -e) 250

10) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.  By what factor does a filter reduce the electric field if it is oriented 30&deg; to that field?
 * -a) $$\tfrac 1 \sqrt 2$$
 * +b) $$\tfrac \sqrt 3 2$$
 * -c) $$\tfrac 1 2$$
 * -d) $$\tfrac 1 4$$
 * -e) $$\tfrac 3 4$$

11) Suppose the partners choose the &beta; strategy (which was not available in the solitaire version). What are the best and worst possible outcomes for the partners? (Assume for this question that $$Q>3$$)
 * -a) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * +b) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$
 * -c) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * -d) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$
 * -e) None of these is correct

12) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(prime)+P(even), or the sum of the probability that it is even, plus the probability that it is prime?
 * -a) 3/4
 * -b) 1
 * -c) 0
 * -d) 1/4
 * -e) 1/2
 * +f) 5/4

13) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 4 to A?
 * -a) no points awarded or lost
 * +b) lose 3 points
 * -c) lose Q points
 * -d) win 1 point

14) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. Unpolarized light impinges on three linear filters. The second is oriented 30&deg; from the first, and the third is rotated by an additional 60&deg;, making it at right angles from the first filter.  What fraction of the power incident on the first filter emerges from the last?
 * -a) 1/16
 * -b) 1/32
 * -c) 1/8
 * +d) 3/32
 * -e) 3/16

15) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * +a) 2/5
 * -b) 2/4=1/2
 * -c) 3/4
 * -d) 3/5
 * -e) 5/6

16) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is the probability that it is both even and prime?
 * -a) 3/4
 * -b) 1/2
 * +c) 1/4
 * -d) 1
 * -e) 0
 * -f) 5/4

17) Recall that only 4.6% of the outcomes for a normal distribution lie outside of two standard deviations from the mean, and approximate the binomial distribution as normal for large numbers. If the variance is  &sigma;2=np(1-p) where n is the number of trials and p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome for 90 trials, roughly 98% of the outcomes will be smaller than approximately __
 * -a) 8
 * +b) 16
 * -c) 12
 * -d) 6
 * -e) 22

18) If you play the solitaire game 6 times, you will on average win ___ times.
 * -a) 2
 * +b) 4
 * -c) 6
 * -d) 3
 * -e) 5

19) This figure is associated with
 * -a) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.
 * -b) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * -c) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * -d) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.
 * +e) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)

20) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 30&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power passes the filter?
 * -a) 3mW
 * -b) 4mW
 * -c) 6mW
 * +d) 9mW
 * -e) 8mW

Bell:Bell3:V2
Bell152874216222 1) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are observed, then 68% of the time the observed number of positive outcomes will fall within &plusmn;___ of the expected value if p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution).
 * a) 18
 * b) 9
 * c) 6
 * d) 3
 * e) 1

2) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * a) at 45 degrees
 * b) all of these are possible
 * c) perpendicular
 * d) parallel

3) If a 3 eV photon strikes a metal plate and causes an electron to escape, that electron will have a kinetic energy that is
 * a) greater than 3 eV
 * b) less than 3 eV
 * c) equal to 3 eV
 * d) zero
 * e) equal to 6 eV

4) If an atom emits two photons in a cascade emission and both photons have 2 eV of energy, the atom's energy
 * a) stays the same
 * b) increases by 4 eV
 * c) decreases by 2 eV
 * d) decreases by 4 eV
 * e) increases by 2 eV

5) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is the probability that it is both even and prime?
 * a) 0
 * b) 1
 * c) 5/4
 * d) 1/2
 * e) 1/4
 * f) 3/4

6) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following wins?
 * a) K and K&spades;
 * b) none of these are true
 * c) two of these are true
 * d) K and K&clubs;
 * e) K&spades; and K&clubs;

7) If you play the solitaire game 6 times, you will on average win ___ times.
 * a) 6
 * b) 2
 * c) 5
 * d) 4
 * e) 3

8) This figure is associated with
 * a) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * b) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * c) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)
 * d) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.
 * e) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.

9) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * a) 2/4=1/2
 * b) 3/5
 * c) 2/5
 * d) 5/6
 * e) 3/4

10) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. Unpolarized light impinges on three linear filters. The second is oriented 30&deg; from the first, and the third is rotated by an additional 60&deg;, making it at right angles from the first filter.  What fraction of the power incident on the first filter emerges from the last?
 * a) 1/8
 * b) 3/16
 * c) 3/32
 * d) 1/32
 * e) 1/16

11) A local college averages 2500 new incoming students each year. Suppose the pool of potential high school graduates in the local area is so large that the probability of a given student selecting this college is small, and assume a variance of &sigma;2 equal to p(1-p).  What standard deviation would you expect in the yearly total of new enrollees, assuming nothing changes in this population from year to year?
 * a) 250
 * b) 150
 * c) 200
 * d) 500
 * e) 50

12) The binomial distribution results from observing n outcomes, each having a probability p of "success"
 * a) True
 * b) False

13) Two black bodies of are created by cutting identical small holes in two large containers. The holes are oriented so that all the photons leaving one will enter the other.  The objects have different temperature and different volume. Which object has the greater electromagnetic ("photon") energy?
 * a) The hotter object has a greater energy.
 * b) They have the same energy (since the holes are identical).
 * c) The larger object has a greater energy.
 * d) No unique answer exists because two variables are involved (temperature and volume).

14) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 4 to A?
 * a) lose 3 points
 * b) lose Q points
 * c) win 1 point
 * d) no points awarded or lost

15) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(prime)+P(even), or the sum of the probability that it is even, plus the probability that it is prime?
 * a) 1/2
 * b) 0
 * c) 1
 * d) 3/4
 * e) 1/4
 * f) 5/4

16) Recall that only 4.6% of the outcomes for a normal distribution lie outside of two standard deviations from the mean, and approximate the binomial distribution as normal for large numbers. If the variance is  &sigma;2=np(1-p) where n is the number of trials and p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome for 90 trials, roughly 98% of the outcomes will be smaller than approximately __
 * a) 8
 * b) 22
 * c) 16
 * d) 12
 * e) 6

17) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.  By what factor does a filter reduce the electric field if it is oriented 30&deg; to that field?
 * a) $$\tfrac \sqrt 3 2$$
 * b) $$\tfrac 3 4$$
 * c) $$\tfrac 1 \sqrt 2$$
 * d) $$\tfrac 1 2$$
 * e) $$\tfrac 1 4$$

18) Suppose the partners choose the &beta; strategy (which was not available in the solitaire version). What are the best and worst possible outcomes for the partners? (Assume for this question that $$Q>3$$)
 * a) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$
 * b) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * c) None of these is correct
 * d) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * e) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$

19) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 30&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power passes the filter?
 * a) 9mW
 * b) 8mW
 * c) 4mW
 * d) 3mW
 * e) 6mW

20) Suppose referee adopts neutral scoring with Q=4 and asks the same question with a probability PS=0.25. This reduces the average loss rate for their partners for the following reason:  Consider a probability space with
 * a) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * b) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning once but losing twice.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * c) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning twice but losing once.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.
 * d) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.
 * e) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning twice. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.

KEY:Bell:Bell3:V2
Bell152874216222 1) For a binomial distribution with n trials, the variance is &sigma;2=np(1-p). If 90 trials are observed, then 68% of the time the observed number of positive outcomes will fall within &plusmn;___ of the expected value if p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome. Make the approximation that this binomial distribution is approximately a Gaussian (normal) distribution).
 * -a) 18
 * -b) 9
 * -c) 6
 * +d) 3
 * -e) 1

2) The light is linearly polarized, the electric field is oriented ________to the direction of motion
 * -a) at 45 degrees
 * -b) all of these are possible
 * +c) perpendicular
 * -d) parallel

3) If a 3 eV photon strikes a metal plate and causes an electron to escape, that electron will have a kinetic energy that is
 * -a) greater than 3 eV
 * +b) less than 3 eV
 * -c) equal to 3 eV
 * -d) zero
 * -e) equal to 6 eV

4) If an atom emits two photons in a cascade emission and both photons have 2 eV of energy, the atom's energy
 * -a) stays the same
 * -b) increases by 4 eV
 * -c) decreases by 2 eV
 * +d) decreases by 4 eV
 * -e) increases by 2 eV

5) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is the probability that it is both even and prime?
 * -a) 0
 * -b) 1
 * -c) 5/4
 * -d) 1/2
 * +e) 1/4
 * -f) 3/4

6) You solitaire deck uses &spades; &clubs; and your answer cards are 4 and 5. You select 4&spades;, 5&clubs;, and 5.  If the questions were Q&spades; and Q&clubs;.  Which of the following wins?
 * -a) K and K&spades;
 * -b) none of these are true
 * +c) two of these are true
 * -d) K and K&clubs;
 * -e) K&spades; and K&clubs;

7) If you play the solitaire game 6 times, you will on average win ___ times.
 * -a) 6
 * -b) 2
 * -c) 5
 * +d) 4
 * -e) 3

8) This figure is associated with
 * -a) A system similar to the one that led to the 1901 proposal that light energy is quantized as integral multiples of hf (except that Plank assumed that the walls were conductive.)
 * -b) Photons striking metal and ejecting electrons (photo-electric effect explained in 1905)
 * +c) Diffraction observed in light so faint that photons seemed to have no mechanism to interact with each other (observed in 1909)
 * -d) The transfer of energy and momentum of a high energy photon of a nearly free electron.
 * -e) Evidence presented in 1800 that light is a wave.

9) Calculate the measured probability: P(&spades;,) = ? Assume the dots represent five observations.
 * -a) 2/4=1/2
 * -b) 3/5
 * +c) 2/5
 * -d) 5/6
 * -e) 3/4

10) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. Unpolarized light impinges on three linear filters. The second is oriented 30&deg; from the first, and the third is rotated by an additional 60&deg;, making it at right angles from the first filter.  What fraction of the power incident on the first filter emerges from the last?
 * -a) 1/8
 * -b) 3/16
 * +c) 3/32
 * -d) 1/32
 * -e) 1/16

11) A local college averages 2500 new incoming students each year. Suppose the pool of potential high school graduates in the local area is so large that the probability of a given student selecting this college is small, and assume a variance of &sigma;2 equal to p(1-p).  What standard deviation would you expect in the yearly total of new enrollees, assuming nothing changes in this population from year to year?
 * -a) 250
 * -b) 150
 * -c) 200
 * -d) 500
 * +e) 50

12) The binomial distribution results from observing n outcomes, each having a probability p of "success"
 * +a) True
 * -b) False

13) Two black bodies of are created by cutting identical small holes in two large containers. The holes are oriented so that all the photons leaving one will enter the other.  The objects have different temperature and different volume. Which object has the greater electromagnetic ("photon") energy?
 * -a) The hotter object has a greater energy.
 * -b) They have the same energy (since the holes are identical).
 * -c) The larger object has a greater energy.
 * +d) No unique answer exists because two variables are involved (temperature and volume).

14) How much do the partners win or lose if Alice answers 4&spades; to K&spades; while Bob answers 4 to A?
 * +a) lose 3 points
 * -b) lose Q points
 * -c) win 1 point
 * -d) no points awarded or lost

15) If a number is randomly selected from the set {2,3,4,5}, what is P(prime)+P(even), or the sum of the probability that it is even, plus the probability that it is prime?
 * -a) 1/2
 * -b) 0
 * -c) 1
 * -d) 3/4
 * -e) 1/4
 * +f) 5/4

16) Recall that only 4.6% of the outcomes for a normal distribution lie outside of two standard deviations from the mean, and approximate the binomial distribution as normal for large numbers. If the variance is  &sigma;2=np(1-p) where n is the number of trials and p=.11 is the probability of a positive outcome for 90 trials, roughly 98% of the outcomes will be smaller than approximately __
 * -a) 8
 * -b) 22
 * +c) 16
 * -d) 12
 * -e) 6

17) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field.  By what factor does a filter reduce the electric field if it is oriented 30&deg; to that field?
 * +a) $$\tfrac \sqrt 3 2$$
 * -b) $$\tfrac 3 4$$
 * -c) $$\tfrac 1 \sqrt 2$$
 * -d) $$\tfrac 1 2$$
 * -e) $$\tfrac 1 4$$

18) Suppose the partners choose the &beta; strategy (which was not available in the solitaire version). What are the best and worst possible outcomes for the partners? (Assume for this question that $$Q>3$$)
 * +a) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$
 * -b) Best for partners: $$+1$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * -c) None of these is correct
 * -d) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-3$$
 * -e) Best for partners: $$0$$ ... Worst: $$-Q$$

19) A linear polarizer selects a component of the electric field. Also, the energy density of light is proportional to the square of the electric field. A 12 mW laser strikes a polarizing filter oriented 30&deg; to the incoming axis of polarization.  How much power passes the filter?
 * +a) 9mW
 * -b) 8mW
 * -c) 4mW
 * -d) 3mW
 * -e) 6mW

20) Suppose referee adopts neutral scoring with Q=4 and asks the same question with a probability PS=0.25. This reduces the average loss rate for their partners for the following reason:  Consider a probability space with
 * -a) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * -b) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning once but losing twice.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and lose a point.
 * +c) 4 equally probable events: On three they are given different questions, winning twice but losing once.  On the fourth event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.
 * -d) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning once and losing once. On the third event they are given the same answer and neither gain nor lose a point.
 * -e) 3 equally probable events: On two they are given different questions, winning twice. On the third event they are given the same answer and lose a point.