Radiation/Meteors/Quiz

Meteor radiation is a lecture. It is also a new lecture for the radiation astronomy department course on the principles of radiation astronomy.

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Quiz
{Why is much of the surface of Mars covered with red iron oxide dust when the rocks that compose much of its surface are blue or violet? - Mars has been systematically bombarded with small iron-nickel meteorites or micrometeorites that oxidize in its atmosphere - Mars has been frequently bombarded with hematite containing micrometeorites - asteroid impacts on Mars may have forced iron from near its core into the atmosphere and onto the surface as hematite dust that oxidized - Mars is like Earth in surface hematite composition, but Earth has much more water + precipitation from iron-rich water
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{Which of the following is not a radiation phenomenon associated with a comet? - airglow - elongated dust particles - high albedo - olivine - Rayleighs + coronal mass ejection
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{Which of the following are radiation phenomena associated with the apparent liquid-object Earth? + rain + snow + hail + neutron emission - polar coronal holes + meteor emission + rotation
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{Which of the following are radiation phenomena associated with the Sun as a likely source? + coronal clouds + cosmic rays + neutrinos - Oh My God type particles + meteors - comets + blue rays
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{Complete the text: Match up the item letter with each of the cosmogonic possibilities below: interior models of the giant planets - A high interest for cosmogony, geophysics and nuclear physics - B hierarchical accumulation - C clouds and globular clusters - D cosmic helium abundance - E deuterium fusion - F a large deficiency of light elements - G after galactic-sized systems had collapsed - H the motions of hydrogen { D (i) } formation of luminous quasars { H (i) }. stars with an initial mass less than the solar mass { G (i) }. rotating liquid drops { B|F (i) }. primordial is less than 26 per cent { E (i) }. a solar mixture of elements dominated by hydrogen and helium gas { A (i) }. around 13 Jupiter masses { F (i) }. smaller rocky objects { C (i) }.
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{The charge on a planetary dust particle may change with? { latitude (i) }
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{Which radiation phenomena are most likely to interfere with observing stars? + a late-summer rainstorm - a clear sky + an approaching dust storm - below normal temperatures + a typhoon + a snow fall + fog
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{Various gaps and density minima have been observed in the Saturnian { ring|rings (i) } system.
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{Which of the following are characteristic of a binary formed via gravitational fragmentation? + the local Jeans length + the local speed of sound + the mean molecular weight - the electron neutrino + the mean particle density - neutrons
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{Complete the text: The Moon was formed independently of the Earth and later { captured (i) }, presumably by a { three-body| three body (i) } interaction.
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{Yes or No, A hydrometeor is a precipitation product. + Yes - No
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{Usually associated with clouds filling the sky, thunder and lightning, wind and what water based meteorites { rain (i) }
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{True or False, A lithometeor is a rocky-object meteor. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Meteorites found on Earth may be from which of the following? - Saturn - Mercury + the Moon + the asteroid belt - Jupiter + Mars + Earth
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{True or False, A cryometeor is a very large chunk of amber. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Complete the text: An aerometeor is a { discrete (i) } unit of air traveling or { falling (i) } through an atmosphere.
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{True or False, A metallic or stony object that is the remains of a meteor is called a meteoroid. - TRUE + FALSE
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{On 19 May 1910, the Earth actually passed through the tail of what comet. { Halley's (i) }
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{True or False, The observations of planetary motion agree with computed orbits to the accuracy of the observations. - TRUE + FALSE
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{A cloud at nearly a quarter of the distance to Proxima Centauri is called the { Oort cloud (i) }
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{True or False, Clouds are a form of radiation because they have a temperature gradient. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Which phenomena are associated with the heliosphere? + a region of space where the interstellar medium is blown away by the solar wind + a bubble in space + virtually all the material emanates from the Sun itself - Voyager 2 + Voyager 1 + the termination shock
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{True or False, The prismoidal method provides a good approximation of the dust emission peak for cold sources. + TRUE - FALSE
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{A natural rocky source of chemicals from the sky to the ground may originate from what astronomical source? - Jupiter - the solar wind - the diffuse X-ray background - Mount Redoubt in Alaska + the asteroid belt - the International Space Station
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{Yes or No, A new cosmogony predicts that all particles in one stream have the same mineral composition. + Yes - No
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{Complete the text: The majority of known asteroids orbit the Sun between the orbits of { Mars|Jupiter (i) } and { Jupiter|Mars (i) }.
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{True or False, Mars may have suffered asteroid impacts. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Which of the following are radiation phenomena associated with the gaseous-object Neptune? - Voyager 2 + blue rays + clouds - neutron emission - polar coronal holes + meteor emission + rotation
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{True or False, The visible path of a meteoroid that has entered the Earth's atmosphere is called a meteorite. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Complete the text: The 0.6 m Tortugas Mountain Observatory is used to monitor the temporal changes in the { Jovian|Jupiter (i) } cloud deck and equatorial activity on { Saturn (i) }.
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{True or False, Mercury may have once been a satellite of Jupiter, or possibly of Saturn. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Which of the following is not a characteristic of showers? + throwing a beam - meteors - rain - snow - hail
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{True or False, Micrometeoroids have less stable orbits than meteoroids. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Which of the following are radiation phenomena associated with the rocky-object Io? + surface regions reflecting or emitting violet or purple - an excess brightness at or near the edge + red regions that may be phosphorus - neutron emission - polar coronal holes + meteor emission + rotation
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{True or False, To date, all of the reported hypervelocity stars (HVSs), which are believed to be ejected from the Galactic center, are blue. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Any natural object radiating through a portion or all of a natural object's atmosphere may be called a what? { meteor (i) }
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{True or False, Olivine is a silicate mineral that may be detected in cometary coma dust with green astronomy. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Observations of comets have benefited greatly from what phenomenon of cyan radiation? - Cherenkov radiation - the electric blue glow of lightning - gas-expansion velocity decreases with increasing heliocentric distance - methane possesses prominent absorption bands in the visible - adaptive optics + the light of the neutral CN-radical
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{True or False, A cometary orbit about the Sun is a radiation phenomenon. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Which of the following is not a radiation phenomenon associated with a planet? - airglow - elongated dust particles - high albedo - olivine - Rayleighs + coronal mass ejection
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Hypotheses

 * 1) Meteors range in size from galaxy clusters to dust grains and molecular clusters.