Stars/Sun/Heliology/Quiz

Heliology is a lecture describing the science of the Sun.

You are free to take this quiz based on the lecture heliology at any time.

To improve your score, read and study the lecture, the links contained within, listed under See also, External links, and in the template. This should give you adequate background to get 100 %.

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Quiz
{Complete the text: The { Carrington (i) } longitude (λ2) is measured from the central meridian as it passes through the { ascending (i) } node of the solar equator at { Greenwich (i) } noon on January 1, 1854 (JD 2398220.0) and rotating with the { sidereal (i) } period of 25.38 Earth days.
 * type="{}"}

{Yes or No, Boron is the third most abundant element detected on the Sun. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Complete the text: Hoyle notes that he and others in the { astronomical (i) } circles to which he was privy continued until after the { Second World War (i) } to believe that the Sun was made mostly of { iron (i) } internally.
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{True or False, The Sun has no specific heliographic feature that allows the direct derivation of longitude and latitude. + TRUE - FALSE
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{The core of the Sun was believed to be made mostly of iron to explain what? - the source of neutrinos + the Sun's global magnetic field + the existence of magnetic poles like the Earth - the rotation of the Sun - surface differential rotation of the Sun + magnetic field reversals like the Earth
 * type="[]"}

{True or False, Sunspots are holes in the surface of the Sun. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Complete the text: Match up the structure of the Sun with the characteristic or property: radiative zone - L core - M convection zone - N dynamo - O tachocline - P photosphere - Q atmosphere - R temperature region - S chromosphere - T transition region - U corona - V heliosphere - W diffusion rather than convection { L (i) }. bow shock { W (i) }. weakly ionized, relatively cold and dense plasma { Q (i) }. X-ray emission { V (i) }. normally invisible { T (i) }. circular mass movement of plasma { N (i) }. coolest layer of the Sun { S (i) }. shear between different parts of the Sun that rotate at different rates { O (i) }. above the photosphere { R (i) }. transition from almost uniform to differential rotation { P (i) }. 150 g/cm3 { M (i) }. ultraviolet emission { U (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, The Sun is the third most abundant entity in the solar system. - TRUE + FALSE
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{What features occasionally show a heliographic distribution on the surface of the Sun? - granulation or supergranulation + active regions + coronal holes + the north an south heliographic poles + sunspots + latitudinal bands that rotate at different rates
 * type="[]"}

{True or False, Using transits of the Sun by Mercury demonstrates that the Sun is most likely located well within the orbit of Mercury. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Complete the text: Match up a heliographic feature of the Sun with a heliographic property: sunspots - L polar coronal holes - M coronal mass ejection - N coronal loops - O flares - P photosphere - Q atmosphere - R 106 temperature region - S chromosphere - T transition region - U corona - V heliosphere - W begin to appear at high latitudes and move toward the equator { L (i) }. hemispherically centered on the solar equator { W (i) }. uniform and independent of latitude and longitude { Q (i) }. intensity tracks with active regions { V (i) }. uniformly active above the photosphere { T (i) }. tracks with flaring { N (i) }. tracks with flares, loops, and active regions { S (i) }. tracks with active regions away from sunspots { O (i) }. differential rotation with latitude { R (i) }. track in active regions with sunspots { P (i) }. appear around the magnetic poles and track with them { M (i) }. forms a kind of nimbus around chromospheric features such as spicules and filaments, and is in constant, chaotic motion, viewed in the ultraviolet { U (i) }.
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{True or False, The Sun must be located at the barycenter of the solar system. - TRUE + FALSE
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{What effects does the distribution of angular momentum in the solar system have on the origin of the Sun? - an initially spherical and contracting nebula spinning faster as it collapses would produce the present situation in the solar system + partitioning mass and angular momentum does not seem possible with a contracting nebula + the rotation axis of the Sun from that of the system as a whole if formed by nebular collapse seems very unlikely + the angular-momentum problem does not arise with the accretion theory - surface differential rotation of the Sun results + by the nature of the floccule process the star so formed will have little angular momentum
 * type="[]"}

{True or False, For the photosphere to have a net negative charge and interstellar electrons to be streaming into the solar system, the sign of the voltage at the Sun is positive. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Complete the text: Match up the structure of the proto-Sun with the heliogonic characteristic or property: radiative zone - L core - M convection zone - N dynamo - O tachocline - P photosphere - Q atmosphere - R temperature region - S chromosphere - T transition region - U corona - V heliosphere - W apparent outer surface { L (i) }. just above the radiative zone { W (i) }. top of the radiative zone { Q (i) }. part of the heliosphere { V (i) }. below the corona and above the photosphere { T (i) }. below the protostar's radiative zone { N (i) }. coolest layer in the protoplanetary disc { S (i) }. shear between different parts of the Sun that rotate in the radiative zone { O (i) }. above the photosphere { R (i) }. transition from almost uniform to differential between radiative and convective zones { P (i) }. probably not differentiated as a protostar { M (i) }. between the protoplanetary disc and the heliosphere { U (i) }.
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{True or False, In a cyclotron on Earth 261Rg can be created using about 290 MeV to accelerate say 64Ni into bismuth, in a coronal loop or flare in the atmosphere of the Sun where up to about 400 MeV expenditures have been detected, nickel can be accelerated up to about 290 MeV into bismuth to create roentgenium. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Complete the text: Match up the likely type of star fission with each of the possibilities below: a triple-component stellar multiple - A massive star fission - B semidetached binary - C a separating close contact binary - D ZAMS system - E tight, circular orbit, impossible to tell eclipses - F lobate star - G coronal mass ejection - H BH Centauri { D (i) }. Plaskett's Star (HR 2422) { B (i) }. Betelgeuse { G (i) } W Ursae Majoris { F (i) }. Beta Lyrae { C (i) }. V1010 Ophiuchi { E (i) } object is confirmed to be co-moving { A (i) }. Sun { H (i) }.
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{True or False, The differential profile of the Sun's surface extends into the solar interior as rotating cylinders of constant angular momentum. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Complete the text: Match up the stellar image with the radiation astronomy: meteor astronomy - A neutrino astronomy - B gamma-ray astronomy - C X-ray astronomy - D ultraviolet astronomy - E visual astronomy - F violet astronomy - G blue astronomy - H yellow astronomy - I red astronomy - J orange astronomy - K infrared astronomy - L radio astronomy - M { G (i) }. { F (i) }. { A (i) }. { J (i) }. { D (i) }. { M (i) }. { E (i) }. { B (i) }. { K (i) }. { I (i) }. { L (i) }. { H (i) }. { C (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

{Which of the following are characteristics of a solar-like binary? + Teff ≤ 6000 K + break up of a triple-component stellar system - none of the captured bodies localize near the Sun - some captured bodies may localize near Jupiter - the Jupiter system may be a control group
 * type="[]"}

{Which of the following is not a spectral class G star? - Alpha Centauri A - Capella - Sun + Procyon - Tau Ceti - Kepler-22
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{Which of the following are radiation astronomy phenomena associated with Afghanistan? + the Ai Khanoum Sun dial + Cybele - An orange sunset in the Mahim Bay - a black sky without stars - the zenith + Helios
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{Which of the following are phenomena usually associated with a heliostat? + geographic coordinates + a mirror which turns so as to keep reflecting sunlight toward a predetermined target + the target is usually stationary + computer control + a two-axis motorized system - altitude
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{Which phenomena are associated with the heliosphere? + a region of space where the interstellar medium is blown away by the solar wind + a bubble in space + virtually all the material emanates from the Sun itself - Voyager 2 + Voyager 1 + the termination shock
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{Complete the text: Match up the letter for the object name with the radio or radar image below: Sun - A Mercury - B Venus - C Earth - D Moon (South Pole) - E Moon (North Pole) - F Moon (850 micron thermal emission) - G Mars (North Pole cross section) - H Toustatis - I Jupiter - J Saturn - K Titan - L Interstellar medium - M Milky Way - N 3C 98 - O 3C 31 - P 3C 380 - Q Moon (self radiation) - R NGC 4151 - S GRS 1915 - T M87 - U 3C 279 - V IRC+10216 - W Boomerang nebula - X R Sculptoris - Y { L (i) }. { Q (i) }. { F (i) }. { Y (i) }. { T (i) }. { N (i) }. { B (i) }. { X (i) }. { W (i) }. { H (i) }. { R (i) }. { U (i) }. { A (i) }. { V (i) }. { K (i) }. { O (i) }. { S (i) }. { J (i) }. { G (i) }. { P (i) }. { M (i) } { C (i) } { I (i) }. { E (i) }. { D (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

{Complete the text: Match up the object viewed in the ultraviolet with its image: Sun's chromosphere- L calcite - M Venus - N Jupiter's aurora - O Jupiter - P Io - Q Saturn - R Betelgeuse - S Mira - T LAB-1 - U Messier 101 - V { L (i) }. { Q (i) }. { T (i) }. { N (i) }. { R (i) }. { O (i) }. { U (i) } { S (i) }. { P (i) }. { M (i) }. { V (i) }.
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{Complete the text: Match up the letter of the spherical object with each of the possibilities below: Sun - A Mercury - B Venus - C Earth - D Moon - E Mars - F Ceres - G Jupiter - H Callisto - I Europa - J Ganymede - K Io - L Enceladus - M Titan - N Uranus - O Titania - P Neptune - Q Triton - R Pluto - S { M (i) }. { R (i) }. { L (i) }. { H (i) }. { G (i) }. { J (i) }. { P (i) }. { S (i) }. { D (i) }. { O (i) }. { E (i) }. { I (i) }. { K (i) }. { Q (i) }. { N (i) }. { A (i) }. { F (i) }. { C (i) }. { B (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

{Which of the following are green radiation astronomy phenomena associated with the Sun? + the color of the upper rim as seen from Earth + an excess brightness at or near the edge of the Sun + the iron XIV green line - neutron emission + polar coronal holes - meteor emission + changes in the line-blanketing
 * type="[]"}

{Complete the text: Match up the type of Sun system astrogony with each of the possibilities below: Babylonian epic story of creation - A a primordial or first Greek god - B the primeval chaos - C creation of heaven and earth - D Greek god personifying the sky - E Cronus (Saturn) castrating his father - F separation of the waters by a firmament { D (i) }. Chaos magno { B (i) }. Uranus { F (i) }. watery abyss { C (i) }. Ouranos { E (i) } Enuma Elish { A (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

{Which of the following are associated with the dynamo of the Sun? - plate tectonics in its past + dipole magnetic field - it is spheroidal - stripes of crustal magnetism + a circular electric current flowing deep within the star - it appears to be in hydrostatic equilibrium - transform faults + shear between different parts of the Sun - two natural satelites - it has a radiative zone
 * type="[]"}

{Nuclear physics phenomena associated with the atmosphere of the Sun are - symbiotic novae + coronal loops acting like particle accelerators + nanoflares - high atmospheric pressure + deuterium + emitted neutrons
 * type="[]"}

{Which of the following sunspot phenomena are associated with the Maunder minimum? + extensively long quiet Sun + lowest 14C concentration from as far back as 1100 BP. + a period of lower-than-average European temperatures - a surface coverage of about 88% + only about 50 sunspots during one 30-year period + 11-year cycles
 * type="[]"}

{Complete the text: Match up the likely surface fusion activity with the image: CME - A coronal clouds - B solar flare - C neutrinos from the solar octant - D coronal loops - E prominences - F { D (i) }. { A (i) }. { F (i) }. { C (i) }. { E (i) } { B (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

{Complete the text: Match up the item letter with each of the possibilities below: Hydrogen - H, or D Helium - He Lithium - Li Beryllium - Be Boron - B Carbon - C Nitrogen - N Oxygen - O Fluorine - F Neon - Ne consumed in chromosphere fusion to produce lithium and neutrinos { Be (i) }. isotope fusion in the chromosphere producing neutrinos { He (i) } fusion in the chromosphere producing the most neutrinos { H|D (i) }. a factor of ~200 below meteorite abundance in the Sun's photosphere { Li (i) }. detected with X-rays on the Moon { O (i) }. an organic form detected in Allan Hills 84001 probably from Mars { C (i) }. detected marginally on Venus with Chandra { N (i) }. found in the X-ray spectra of comets { Ne (i) }. consumed to produce beryllium and neutrinos { B (i) }. a surface impurity on meteorites { F (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

Hypotheses

 * 1) Throughout hominin history the Sun may not have been the only very close-by star.