User:Atcovi/AP European History/105Unit1NewMonarchies

1400s-1500s
Longbow revolutionizes army techniques and creates a new monarchy.
 * Medieval kings were not all powerful. Their nobles are who protected them and served them faithfully.
 * Feudal Monarchies
 * 1) Kings received money from taxes, nobles collected taxes. Protect king for getting land with a bunch of peasants.
 * 2) Kings relied on nobles and council. Nobles kinda looked at themselves rather than the kingdoms.
 * 3) Kings didn't write laws, it was the nobles.
 * 4) Kings had to share power with the Church, who were involved in morality and punishment.
 * New Monarchies
 * 1) Cut out the middle-man in collecting taxes.
 * 2) Uses professional army and ready to go at any time.
 * 3) Creates own administration. Relies less on the nobles and relies on educated professionals.
 * 4) Kings tax the peasants themselves.
 * 5) Kings develop their own armies (England - Creates his own loyal navy, takes power away from the nobles).

France

 * Jon Bodon - He sees the only way to solve religious turmoil is to give more power to the monarchies. First political person to fight for sovereignty (supreme power). "Since God chose the monarchy, everyone should obey it".
 * Charles VIII - Removed English, lowered church power in 1422
 * Louis XI - Expand French state, laying absolutism in 1461

England

 * King Edward IV - Restoration of Royal Authority
 * King Henry VIII - Takes Church of Catholicism away from power.

Spain

 * Controlled by the Muslims. Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain kicks out the Muslims from Spain. Spain was 6 different kingdoms with people of different faiths. The new rulers wanted to make themselves more powerful and removing the power of the nobles. They reduce the number of nobles in their council.
 * Spanish Inquisition.