User:Atcovi/History/Scientific Revolution

1.Nicolaus Copernicus - Poland; 16th century; began Scientific Revolution with heliocentric theory; published 1543 On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies; Invention: terrestrial globes 2. Johannes Kepler - German mathematician who concluded that there are mathematical laws that govern planetary motion; early 17th century; proved Copernican theory; invention: logbooks that he used to calculate planetary positions 3. Galileo Galilei - Italian;  16th century; law of the pendulum; falling objects accelerate at a fixed  and predictable rate; built own telescope to prove that sun was center of universe; conflict with Church led to trial for heresy and house arrest. 1610 Starry Messenger 4. Isaac Newton - 17th century Englishman who discovered the law of gravity and the law of inertia; 1687 Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (Principia) 5. William Harvey - 17th century English doctor who proved that the heart is a muscle which pumps blood throughout the body; 1628 On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals 6. Heliocentric theory - 16th century theory developed by Copernicus and proven by Kepler and Galileo that the sun is at the center of the universe and the earth and the planets revolve around it 7. Scientific Method - a logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas emphasized in 17th century: state question or problem; 8. Francis Bacon - 17th century English politician and writer who helped to advance the scientific method (experimentation, observation before conclusions) 9. Rene Descartes - 16th century French philosopher; only mathematics is certain; therefore, all must be based on mathematics