User:Atcovi/History/Student Created RG on Japan and China/Work

China
1. Why did the Europeans make their way to China?

2. When did the Portuguese reach China?

3. How was China's state when the Portuguese arrived?

4. How long did the Ming Dynasty last in China?

5. What did the Chinese except the Europeans to do?

6. Who commanded the Chinese army that drove out the Mongols?

7. Who was Hongwu's son that rose to power after Hongwu?

8. Describe Zheng He's voyages

9. Why did China not become superly industrialized?

10. Explain how the Dutch and the British got along with China trading-wise.

Japan
1. Explain what was going on with Japan during the Sengoku.

2. Explain who is Toyotomi Hideyoshi and what he did after Nabunga.

3. Who is Tokugawa Ieyasu?

4. Explain the government of Tokugawa Japan

5. What are kabuki theaters?

6. Who did the Japanese encounter in 1543?

7. What were the diamyos interested in that the Portugese had?

8. When did Christian missionaries arrive in Japan?

9. Who was the first man to lead a Christian missionary trip in Japan?

10. Why isn't Japan predominately Christian?

Answer Key

 * China
 * 1) The Europeans were seeking trade relationships in East Asia.
 * 2) 1514
 * 3) The Chinese driven out the Mongols and had reunited under a new dynasty
 * 4) 1368-1644
 * 5) Pay them regular tribute to acknowledge their submission to the Chinese
 * 6) Hongwu
 * 7) Yonglo
 * 8) Zheng He was a Muslim admiral who conducted seven voyages. All of these voyages were remarkable in size: From over 200 ships (some as large as 400 feet) to over 27,000 crew members, Zheng He sailed across the Indian Ocean--giving beautiful Chinese gifts as a show of Chinese superiority. These voyages resulted in an increased wealth of the Ming court.
 * 9) One was that the idea of commerce offended the Confucian beliefs in China, as it was seen that merchants made money by "supporting foreigners and robbery". Second was that Chinese economic policies favored agriculture, as taxes on agriculture were low while taxes on manufacturing were high.
 * 10) The Dutch were accepted by China as trading partners because the Dutch traders accepted China's trading "policy". They also did the kowtow ritual, which was to kneel down before the emperor and hit your head on the floor 9 times. Thus, China accepted them as trading partners. The British, on the other hand, requested the Chinese emperor to change their trading policy--but the emperor at the time, Qian-Long, denied them and refused to change their policy. The British also refused to do the kowtow ritual. Thus, the British were denied trade from China.
 * Japan
 * 1) Local samurais fought for land and power, and they used to fight each other for territory. Many samurais attempted to unite all of the samurais, like Oda Nabunga, but alas, he like many others failed.
 * 2) One of Nabunga's best generals who controlled most of the country (Japan). He continued to seek power and territory by invading Korea in 1592. When he died, his troops withdrew from Korea.
 * 3) One of Hideyoshi's greatest allies who managed to unite Japan in the 1600s.
 * 4) Emperor was a figurehead with no actual power, shoguns were the real rulers--who were supreme military commanders. Diamyos were powerful land-holding samurais. Samurai warriors followed up, and then peasants, artisans and merchants followed after.
 * 5) They are theaters where actors in elaborate costumes performed skits about modern life.
 * 6) The Portuguese
 * 7) Muskets and cannons
 * 8) 1549
 * 9) Francis Xavier
 * 10) Although the missionaries manage to successfully convert about 300,000 Japanese people into Christianity--terrible persecution occurred later. At the beginning, Ieyasu banned Christianity and worked to get rid of Christians because it "scorned traditional Japanese beliefs". After Ieyasu, Christian persecution still continued, eventually getting rid of nearly all of the Christians in Japan.