User:ClemonsLemons/project 3

Cheryl Campo

Turbine Project
Examples of Turbines:
 * A turbine is a machine for producing continuous power in which a wheel or rotor, typically fitted with vanes, is made to revolve by a fast-moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid.

Previous groups Final Project
Previous Groups Final project Wikiversity page [:3D Printed Turbine]

Project Objectives

 * Learn more about how turbines work and what are some of the applications for turbines
 * Familiarize with the 3D printer, its process, and its applications
 * Reprint some of the previous groups parts that are falling apart and that are unclean and have rough edges that may influence the outcome of the project
 * Develop a system that blows air into the front of the turbine in order to demonstrate a working final creation

Turbine

 * A turbine is a machine that generates continuous and unending power through the use of wheels or rotors that are typically fitted with curved vanes that capture some type of fuel in order to rotate that are attached to a centrally located rotating axis. These rotors apply the use of continuous streams of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid to rotate the vanes.


 * Used in almost all stand-alone applications
 * Single phase used up to 10 kW.
 * Most three phase are smaller than equivalent single phase


 * Just an induction motor with negative slip.
 * Used most often with grid-tie systems.
 * Used by some for battery based systems.
 * Simple and robust.
 * Readily available and inexpensive.
 * Requires external excitation from the grid or from capacitors
 * Control is more difficult, especially for inductive loads
 * It requires frequency controls if not tied to the grid


 * Produces rectified alternating current.
 * Readily available.
 * Easy to service.
 * A rheostat controls excitation.

Stages of Real Steam Turbine
 * Multiple blades allow to extract the most energy it can before the steam is exhausted
 * Each of the sets of blades are called a stage which works by either impulse or reaction
 * Typical turbine has a mixture of both types of stage that are mounted on the same rotor as each other all turning the generator at the same time
 * Often the stage that comes first is the impulse then reaction stages. The impulse stages extract the energy from high pressure steam and the reaction stages remove extra energy from expanded steam volume which utilizing bigger and longer blades.
 * This multi-stage approach was invented by Charles Parsons who created it in a way that each of the stages of the turbine are slowly slowing or reducing the steam pressure. This reduces the forces applied on each blade which improves the overall power output

Project Work Documentation
The Makerbot Replicator 2 is a 3D printer that extrudes a biodegradable thermoplastic (PLA) to create parts. This is the older and smaller of two Makerbot 3D printers at HCC, but it prints faster than the newer (5th Gen) model.


 * Printing gun parts violates US Federal Law
 * Printing trademarked or actively patented stuff could result in a legal problems
 * The school can not support printing personal stuff including personal inventions
 * Focus printing on things that are related to engineering projects.


 * 1) Find or create a 3D model of a part.
 * 2) *Find an existing 3D model (pre-drawn STL files) at the Smithsonian, thingiverse, and traceparts. 3Dwarehouse and Archive3D models do not convert to STL files consistently without problems. Makerbot needs STL or OBJ files to print from. MakerWare saves files in its own format called THING which can also be printed from.
 * 3) *Create your own 3D model using a CAD program. For example:Autodesk Inventor,Solid Edge,123D, 3Dtin, Sculptris, tinkercad, openscad, wings3d, pov-ray, Heeks-cad, art of illusion, processing model building library, Google Sketchup.
 * 4) *Clean up/Repair STL file with Microsoft netfabb
 * 5) Use MakerWare software to convert 3D model (STL file) into X3G file.
 * 6) Use Makerbot Replicator 2 to print part.
 * 7) Carefully remove the part from the build platform.

If you have a problem and don't know what to do, STOP and ask an instructor or lab aide for help.


 * /Replacing the Tape/
 * /clogged printhead/
 * Makerware Troubleshooting Page
 * Replicator 2 Troubleshooting Page

/quiz/ - Take this after reading through the tutorial, and before taking the Canvas quiz.

Old pages
Replicator 2 MakerBot page
 * /Printing Instructions/
 * /prints blob/
 * /curling pla/
 * /clean gear mechanism/
 * /assembly of iris box/
 * /How To: Find Or Create A Printable STL File/
 * /stuff to print//
 * /installing Export STL/
 * /clogged printhead/

Original MakerBot Cupcake Tutorial Page


 * /Set Up & Run The MakerBot/
 * /Filament Changing/Troubleshooting/
 * /How to Change the Wire of the Makerbot/
 * /How to Download 3D programs to build STL files/
 * /How to print STL files with letters or Numbers in it/
 * /Tutorial on Blender/
 * /Kinect/
 * /Scanning An Object Using The Kinect: Full 360 Degree View/
 * /Cleaning Up Point Cloud Meshes in Meshlab For 3D Printing/
 * /How to download 123D/
 * /How to format SD card for MakerBot/

Objectives of the week
 * Create schematics of a few of the previous groups parts that need to be reprinted
 * Upload the parts onto a CAD program
 * Print created parts using the older and better 3D printer

Created Parts

Pieces waiting to be Approved

Next Steps
 * Print designed part on 3D printer
 * Replace previous groups printed piece with new printed piece

Objectives

 * Locate any problems that might cause the turbine to not work properly
 * Determine ways of eliminating the problems that occured

Objective 1
Problems
 * Back blades are rubbing against each other and since they are on different shafts this affects the spinning motion of both shafts and the rotors on those shafts.

Solution: Move the pieces that are rubbing together apart

Remaining Problems
 * Front housing is not stable and not firmly connected with the big front housing
 * Housings don't stay connected when not attended to and fall apart if left alone

Next Steps

 * Fix problem with front housings stability
 * Place each blade and rotor in its place and secure the position while allowing part to be removed when needed to be fixed or replaced
 * Connect the three different housings together to prevent it from falling apart when not holding it up in a way where they can be separated easily
 * Design and implement a way of transferring an air stream in a concentrated stream to spin the rotors and the rotary shafts


 * 1) Fix unstable big fan housing so that it is stable and doesn't wobble which would create friction between the blade and the housing
 * 2) Replace glue that fixed the blades and rotors to stick in one spot permanently which you may run into problems later on if you have to fix or replace one or more of the rotors and blades and are unable to be easily removed. Find a way to stick the rotors and blades in one place in a way that allows easy removal when having to replace the part.
 * 3) Create a removable way to stick the separate housing pieces together preventing it from falling apart that allows the next group to be able to remove the tubes, blades, and rotors

Objective 1: Stabilizing front of turbine

 * The nails that were placed onto the original groups turbine failed to have a hold on the drilled holes on the front housing so the nails kept on slipping out which caused the whole front part of the turbine unbalanced causing friction between the blade and the housing.
 * Replaced nails with screws to hold the turbine steady

Objective 2: Blade and rotor placement and attachment

 * Previous group glued each piece to the tube making it so you have to get the glue of in order to remove the part if you need to replace that part.
 * Middle ring of the rotor was big enough that if you wrapped a piece of tape around where the parts are supposed to be located at. Tape creates a snug fit between the rotor and the rotary tube that allows part to be easily removed while once the turbine starts spinning the piece still stays in place.

Objective 3: Housing connecting
The problem with using glue to connect the housings together is that they are unable to be separated. There are two ways of combating this problem: Solution to Problem: Velcro between the spot where the housings connect with each other on both sides of the housing and on the underside of the housing. Velcro holds the pieces together keeping the housings from separating while easily being able to disconnect the pieces.
 * Recreate and reprint the housing pieces with some kind of attached mechanism that fully connects the two housings together while being able to separate them if need be
 * Create a secondary attachment that allows the housings to connect with each other while still being able to separate
 * Velcro keeps the pieces from being separated while the cylinder connectors attached to the housing keep the housings from being separated horizontally


 * Create something that closes off the turbine from the air except for the front and back of the turbine. Another choice would be to create a covering using the 3D printer to generate the pieces
 * Find or create bearings big enough enough to fit around the small inside rotary shaft allowing the turbine to spin easier with a lot less friction and if some friction remains find where it occurs and create a way to fix the problem.
 * Create a mechanism that directs a high enough stream of constant directed air that is able to spin the turbine
 * Real world applications of your built turbine
 * Create a different type of turbine and compare between turbines

Collective Turbine Final Work:
 * Project 3 Final: Turbine