User:Karengp8/George Mehales

Biography
George Mehales was born in Athens, Greece, in 18911. As a child he was sent to Brooklyn, New York with his brother and lived with his uncle, a restaurant owner. Mehales entered the public school system in New York and finished high school in 19091. Upon graduating, he started to work with the man who bought his uncle’s restaurant, Steve Bokettasb.

Soon, his mother died and four of his brothers contracted tuberculosis, so Mehales went back to Greece and worked on a farm and taught English at local schools to support his family. After his uncle and brother sent him more money he was able to go back to New York.

When Mehales went back to New York, he decided to invest in a restaurant with an old friend. It was very difficult to keep up with the restaurant’s expenses, so they eventually had to close it. After closing the restaurant, Mehales found a job at a Greek school where he taught Greek children in the community.

When World War I began, Mehales enlisted in the military and moved to Spartanburg, South Carolina1. He was later sent to Camp Wadsworth and worked as a cook. After being discharged from the military, Mehales was unemployed and worked in his brother’s restaurant back in New York.

After arriving to New York again, Mehales traveled to Greece for a second time to look after some property that his uncle left him. Mehales had an easier time than most immigrants going through the immigration process because he served in the war.

When Mehales came back to America, he moved to Spartanburg with some of his Greek friends and took up teaching again. Two of Mehales’ brothers in Greece died and left him about $300 which he used to invest in another restaurant that ended up growing very fast1.

George Mehales’ date and cause of death are unknown1.

Greek Immigrants in America
In North America, most Greeks clustered in major cities like New York, Chicago, and San Francisco2. The beginning of large-scale migration from Greece to the United States started with the economic difficulties of Greece in 18913. Greece had an economic recession due to the lack of diversity in work industries and an unstable government that was constantly changing. These hard times led Greeks to immigrate because they could make more money in the United States. According to David R. Roediger, a Foundation Distinguished Professor of American Studies and History at the University of Kansas, Greeks, Italians, Hungarians, Jews, Poles, and other “new immigrants” were gradually considered to be of “white ethnic” after periods of social exclusion4. "New immigrants" came mainly from southern and eastern Europe, and were victims of prejudice, or nativism, in the United States.

Greek Immigrants in New York
According to the Census Report, there were 10,097 Greeks located in New York in 19105. Only a small amount of Greek merchants settled in New York City in the early to mid-nineteenth century. Between the years 1880 and 1920, there was a significant increase in Greek immigration to New York City as compared to other years. It was until this time period that larger groups of Greek immigrants started to live in New York City and its boroughs, like Brooklyn, Queens, and Manhattan6. Greeks were able to find employment working as florists, fruit peddlers, and in shoeshine parlors in New York7.

Immigrants in the Military during World War I
During World War I, the United States drafted about 500,000 immigrants into the military service8. This challenged the cultural, verbal, and religious traditions of the American army. The increase in immigrant soldiers meant that the military had to develop new training procedures. Immigrants who were planning on going through naturalization could speed up the process if they decided to join the military. Naturalization is the process by which citizenship is granted to a foreign citizen. All immigrants who exempted themselves from being drafted could not become a U.S. citizen in the future9.

When soldiers returned home, they returned to an economy that was about to enter a recession. Labor forces were going on strike for better pay and benefits and the public was concerned about radicalism, race, and immigration. When discharged, veterans of World War I received only $60, enough to buy new clothes. This made starting a new life after the war something that seemed impossible for a lot of veterans. By April 1919, about 40 percent of veterans remained unemployed10.