User:Marshallsumter/Dominant group/Biology/Term test

The technical or scientific term "dominant group" occurs in about 274 articles on Wikipedia. None of the sentences containing "dominant group" in each article seems to be attributed (cited or referenced to a source). What would you do?

Below in the section "Dominant group on wikipedia" is a partial list.

Some of these occurrences have a right or wrong answer, but many may be open to debate.

Read through each of the following learning guides, then take the test.

Prepare to defend your answers and enjoy this learning resource!

Some of the answers are listed on the 'Discuss' page for the learning resource. Be bold.

Original research
Some hints about original research can be found in the article Original research inquiry or the Wikiversity resource Original research.

For evaluating the occurrences of "dominant group", here is the associated 'original research' question:

Are any of these uses of "dominant group" original research or original synthesis?

Attribution
Hints about attribution can be found in this article, Dominant group/Attribution and copyright.

Should each sentence using "dominant group" have a reference or citation after it?

Are any of the uses of "dominant group" plagiarism?

Copyright
Please keep in mind that the copyright policy on Wikipedia (or any of the WMF projects) is in line with WMF desires to sell educational materials such as books in countries and political regions that may have a much more restrictive copyright law than the USA where the WMF is located.

This is a learning resource for Wikiversity that you may enjoy with respect to publication in the US. Please refrain from making any actual changes to Wikipedia unless and until you are sure these changes are in line with local project policy.

Hints about copyright can be found in this article, "Dominant group/Attribution and copyright".

As each sentence stands, is it a copyright violation?

What to do
What you would do if you found each sentence (for each sentence) on Wikipedia, or on Wikiversity?

Some hints can be found in this article, Dominant group/Attribution and copyright.

Should you put a notice on a notice board somewhere on either site to let others know what some author or editor did, or didn't do?

Dominant group on wikipedia
Here is a summary list of the test questions.


 * 1) Are any of these uses of "dominant group" original research or original synthesis?
 * 2) Should each sentence using "dominant group" have a reference or citation after it?
 * 3) Are any of the uses of "dominant group" plagiarism?
 * 4) As each sentence stands, is it a copyright violation?
 * 5) What you would do if you found each sentence (for each sentence) on Wikipedia, or on Wikiversity, or any WMF project?
 * 6) Should you put a notice on a notice board somewhere on either site to let others know what some author or editor did, or didn't do?
 * 7) How would you edit the entry or the current page on the local project?

Separately, write what you believe about each of these with respect to
 * 1) original research or synthesis,
 * 2) attribution,
 * 3) copyright, and
 * 4) a step by step procedure of what to do if you (or anyone) finds anything similar on a WMF project.

The current page is either within the quote, before the quote, or indicated after the reference to the author who contributed "dominant group" to the page.

Some hints occur after several of these examples.


 * 1) "Before European settlement, galaxias were the dominant group of native freshwater fish in New Zealand, and, along with the Percichthyidae, one of two dominant groups of native fish freshwater in south-eastern Australia." : cannot find support for this use of "dominant group" on Google scholar.
 * 2) "Euenantiornithes is a superorder of Cretaceous birds. They are considered to contain the more advanced taxa of the Enantiornithes, the dominant group of birds during the late Mesozoic." "Enantiornithes is the dominant group of Mesozoic birds (Chiappe and Witmer, 2002; Hou et al., 2003)."
 * 3) "The course of evolution has been changed several times by mass extinctions that wiped out previously dominant groups and allowed other to rise from obscurity to become major components of ecosystems.", from Paleontology.
 * 4) "When dominance of particular ecological niches passes from one group of organisms to another, it is rarely because the new dominant group is "superior" to the old and usually because an extinction event eliminates the old dominant group and makes way for the new one.", from Paleontology. The statement is followed by [83][84].
 * 5) "When dominance of particular ecological niches passes from one group of organisms to another, it is rarely because the new dominant group is "superior" to the old and usually because an extinction event eliminates the old dominant group and makes way for the new one.[18][181]", from Evolutionary history of life.
 * 6) From Shaochilong, "Shaochilong is the youngest known Laurasian allosauroid suggesting that basal tetanurans not tyrannosaurids, were still the dominant group of large-bodied theropods in Laurasian during the Mid-Cretaceous and that the rise of tyrannosaurids as the dominant group of large terrestrial predators was sudden and confined to the very end of the Cretaceous.": cannot find reference for this use of dominant group in this context using Google scholar, editor may have used "dominant group" as a synonym for largest group.
 * 7) "When dominance of particular ecological niches passes from one group of organisms to another, it is rarely because the new dominant group is "superior" to the old and usually because an extinction event eliminates the old dominant group and makes way for the new one.[15][16]", from Extinction event.
 * 8) "The dominance hierarchy also comes into play, as the offspring of the more dominant group members get preferential treatment." from Chlorocebus.
 * 9) From evolutionary history of plants, "The dominant groups today are the gymnosperms, which include the coniferous trees, and the angiosperms, which contain all fruiting and flowering trees."
 * 10) "A subclass of the Osteichthyes, the ray-finned fishes Actinopterygii, have become the dominant group of fishes in the post-Paleozoic and modern world, with some 30,000 living species." from prehistoric fish. "[I]t was suggested that 'the actinopterygians (which is the dominant group of fish at the present time with more than 20 000 species) responded to selection pressures by selective enlargement of parts of the brain that enabled a species to occupy an adaptive niche with special success' (Jerison 1973)."
 * 11) From Saltasaurus, "In the Cretaceous Period, sauropods in North America were no longer the dominant group of herbivorous dinosaurs, with the duck-billed dinosaurs, such as Edmontosaurus becoming the most abundant. However, on other landmasses such as South America and Africa (which were island continents much like modern Australia) sauropods, in particular the titanosaurs continued to be the dominant herbivores."
 * 12) "Their presence as the dominant group in the Western Cape led to this plant community being referred to as the Fynbos (Afrikaans, 'fine bush') community [1]", from Restionaceae.
 * 13) Per Evolution of reptiles: "The archosaurs became the dominant group during the Triassic period, developing into the well-known dinosaurs and pterosaurs, as well as crocodiles and phytosaurs."
 * 14) "Staghorn corals are the dominant group of reef builders.", from Acroporidae.
 * 15) "Perhaps the magpie-geese were one of the dominant groups of Paleogene waterfowl, only to become largely extinct later.", per Magpie Goose.
 * 16) From Frankel (horse): "The colt more than lived up to the lofty expectations on the Rowley Mile by delivering one of the most dominant Group One performances in racing history."
 * 17) Per Reptile: "The archosaurs became the dominant group during the Triassic period, though it took 30 million years before their diversity was as great as the animals that lived in the Permian.[35]" See number 13 above.
 * 18) "The dominant group are the methanogens, particularly Methanobrevibacter smithii and Methanosphaera stadtmanae.[10]", per Human microbiome.
 * 19) From Lake Kivu: "Diatoms are the dominant group in the lake, particularly during the dry season episodes of deep mixing."
 * 20) "Nonetheless, lichen can certainly withstand harsher conditions than most vascular plants and although they have slower colonization rates, do form the dominant group in alpine regions.", from Pedosphere.
 * 21) "Perissodactyls were the dominant group of large terrestrial browsers right through the Oligocene." from Odd-toed ungulate.
 * 22) "Around the Paleogene-Neogene boundary (some 25 mya), barn-owls were the dominant group of owls in southern Europe and adjacent Asia at least; the distribution of fossil and present-day owl lineages indicates that their decline is contemporary with the evolution of the different major lineages of typical owls, which for the most part seems to have taken place in Eurasia.", per Owl.
 * 23) From Phylogeny of insects: "And today the neopterous insects (those that can fold their wings back over the abdomen) are by far the most dominant group of insects."