User:Marshallsumter/Radiation astronomy/Alloys/Quiz

Alloys is an effort, in a lecture format, to describe the alloys that may be detected through radiation astronomy.

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Quiz
{Which of the following are diamond cubic metals or metalloids? - manganese + silicon - osmium + germanium - platinum - copper + α-tin
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{Elyite has the chemical formula Pb4Cu(SO4)(OH)8. Which chalcogens are contained in the mineral? - lead - copper + sulfur + oxygen - hydrogen - plumbum
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{Complete the text: At volcanic locations, native { liquid (i) } sulfur can be seen flowing and it is { red (i) }.
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{Elpidite has the formula Na2ZrSi6O15·3H2O. As a chalcogen mineral it is also a { silicate (i) }.
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{Carnotite is a potassium uranium { vanadate (i) } radioactive mineral.
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{Yes or No, The dominant group of Al–Si foundry alloys contain between 5 and 25 wt.% Si, with Mg, Ni and Cu additions. + Yes - No
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{Which of the following are hexagonal close-packed metals? - manganese + ε-iron + cobalt below 450°C - rhodium - platinum - copper + rhenium
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{The type locality for native aluminum is the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, { Russia (i) }
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{Complete the text: The mineral Lonsdaleite is a translucent, { brownish yellow|brown yellow (i) } and is made from the atoms of { carbon (i) } but the arrangement of these atoms is different from the { arrangement (i) } of carbon atoms in a { diamond (i) }.
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{Yes or No, In some 824 red giant stars, the Li I 670.78 nm line was detected in several stars, but only five objects presented a strong line. + Yes - No
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{The emission spectrum of atomic hydrogen is divided into a number of spectral series, with wavelengths given by the { Rydberg (i) } formula.
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{Yes or No, Let the symbol KREEP be an acronym for potassium (the chemical symbol is K), rare earth element (REE), and phosphorus (chemical symbol is P). + Yes - No
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{The use of lithium to distinguish candidate brown dwarfs from low-mass stars is commonly referred to as the lithium { test (i) }.
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{Which of the following are face-centered cubic metals at approximately room temperature? + γ-cerium - gallium + aluminum - germanium - silicon + lead + aluminum
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{Yes or No, Aluminum is a metalloid element. + Yes - No
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{Which types of radiation astronomy directly observe the rocky-object surface of Venus? - meteor astronomy - cosmic-ray astronomy - neutron astronomy - proton astronomy - beta-ray astronomy - neutrino astronomy - gamma-ray astronomy - X-ray astronomy - ultraviolet astronomy - visual astronomy - infrared astronomy - submillimeter astronomy + radio astronomy + radar astronomy + microwave astronomy - superluminal astronomy
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{Yes or No, Some of the incontrovertible brown dwarf substellar objects are identified by the presence of the 670.8 nm lithium I line. + Yes - No
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{Which of the following are transition metals? - lithium - magnesium + yttrium + scandium + iron + copper + technetium
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{A mineraloid is a substance that does not show or have { crystallinity (i) }.
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{Which of the following are actinide metals? - lead - copper + actinium + neptunium - roentgenium + uranium + thorium
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{True or False, Emmonsite, or durdenite, has the formula Fe2(TeO3)3·2H2O. It is a tellurate mineral. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Which of the following are lanthanide metals? + cerium - yttrium - aluminum + protactinium + lutetium - lead + neodymium
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{True or False, The difference between geochemical reactions and astrochemical reactions is that one is restricted to Earth. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Autunite occurs as an oxidizing product of uranium minerals in granite pegmatites and hydrothermal { deposits (i) }.
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{Yes or No, Silicon carbide does not occur naturally. - Yes + No
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{Carnotite is a mineral that may be associated with which phenomena? + varying water content + small amounts of calcium, barium, magnesium, iron, and sodium + a bright to greenish yellow mineral - demonstrating that Venus was once a comet + amounts as low as one percent will color sandstone a bright yellow. + an important uranium ore + usually found in sedimentary rocks in arid climates
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{True or False, Due to the limited shielding provided by its relatively weak magnetic dipole moment, the surface of Mercury is everywhere subject to bombardment by cosmic rays. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Complete the text: Match up the item letter with each of the detectors or satellites below: Bonner Ball Neutron Detector - A Multi Mirror Telescope - B MAGIC telescope - C Explorer 11 - D HEAO 3 - E Helios - F Pioneer 10 - G Voyager 1 - H { C (i) } { H (i) }. { A (i) }. { G (i) }. { F (i) }. { B (i) }. { E (i) }. { D (i) }.
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{Yes or No, Abelsonites contain more carbon than hartites. + Yes - No
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{Limonite is an iron ore consisting of a mixture of hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides in varying { composition (i) }.
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{Yes or No, The spectral lines of lithium correspond to particular jumps of the electron between energy levels. + Yes - No
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{Bayerite is a polymorph of gibbsite and has the same chemical { formula (i) }
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{True or False, Although originally defined as a single mineral, limonite is now recognized as a mixture of related hydrated iron oxide minerals, among them goethite, akaganeite, lepidocrocite, and jarosite. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Complete the text: Match up the item letter with each of the possibilities below: Meteors - A Cosmic rays - B Neutrons - C Protons - D Electrons - E Positrons - F Gamma rays - G Superluminals - H X-ray jets { C (i) } the index of refraction is often greater than 1 just below a resonance frequency { H (i) }. iron, nickel, cobalt, and traces of iridium { A (i) }. Sagittarius X-1 { G (i) }. escape from a typical hard low-mass X-ray binary { F (i) }. collisions with argon atoms { B (i) }. X-rays are emitted as they slow down { E (i) }. Henry Moseley using X-ray spectra { D (i) }.
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{Yes or No, A reaction for which no reaction intermediates have been detected or need to be postulated in order to describe the chemical reaction on a molecular scale is called an elementary reaction. + Yes - No
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{Where gold has been concentrated, it occurs as wires, dendritic crystals, twisted sheets, octahedral crystals, and variably-shaped { nuggets (i) }.
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{True or False, Generally, geologic materials are isotopically lighter than natural water samples because of the preferential retention of 6Li in the solid phase. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Which geochemical phenomena are associated with magnesium? + forsterite - lightning + dolomite + whitlockite - gypsum - water worn, small, heavy, black, cubic crystals
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{True or False, A naturally occurring black glass is called an obsidian. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Complete the text: The standard solar { models|model (i) } have enjoyed tremendous success recently in terms of agreement between the predicted { outer (i) } structure and the results from { helioseismology (i) }, but some observed properties of the Sun still defy explanation, such as the degree of { Li|lithium (i)} depletion, where the solar Li abundance is roughly a factor of { 200|two hundred (i) } below the meteoritic abundance.
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{Yes or No, The primary source of the world's thorium is the rare-earth, and thorium, phosphate mineral monazite. + Yes - No
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{A gamma-ray spectrum for autunite is likely to show peaks for Ra-226, { Pb-214 (i) } and Bi-214.
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{Yes or No, Protactinium is an actinide element. + Yes - No
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{Match up the crystal with the mineral uraninite - A monazite - B pitchblende - C thorianite - D { D (i) }. { C (i) }. { B (i) }. { A (i) }.
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{Yes or No, Taylor Valley glaciers have the lowest lithium concentrations and lightest δ7Li values in the McMurdo Dry Valleys aquatic system. + Yes - No
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{Complete the text: Match up the radiation letter with each of the detector possibilities below: Meteors - A Cosmic rays - B Neutrons - C Protons - D Electrons - E Positrons - F Neutrinos - G Muons - H Gamma rays - I X-rays - J Ultraviolet rays - K Optical rays - L Visual rays - M Violet rays - N Blue rays - O Cyan rays - P Green rays - Q Yellow rays - R Orange rays - S Red rays - T Infrared rays - U Submillimeter rays - V Radio rays - W Superluminal rays - X multialkali (Na-K-Sb-Cs) photocathode materials { L (i) }. F547M { Q (i) }. 511 keV gamma-ray peak { F (i) }. F675W { T (i) }. broad-band filter centered at 404 nm { N (i) }. a cloud chamber { B (i) }. ring-imaging Cherenkov { X (i) }. coherers { W (i) }. effective area is larger by 104 { H (i) }. F588N { R (i) }. pyroelectrics { U (i) }. a blemish about 8,000 km long { A (i) }. a metal-mesh achromatic half-wave plate { V (i) }. coated with lithium fluoride over aluminum { K (i) }. thallium bromide (TlBr) crystals { O (i) }. F606W { S (i) }. aluminum nitride { J (i) }. heavy water { G (i) }. 18 micrometers FWHM at 490 nm { P (i) }. wide-gap II-VI semiconductor ZnO doped with Co2+ (Zn1-xCoxO) { M (i) }. a recoiling nucleus { C (i) } high-purity germanium { I (i) }. magnetic deflection to separate out incoming ions { E (i) }. 2.2-kilogauss magnet used to sweep out electrons { D (i) }.
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{Yes or No, Thorium occurs in all granites. + Yes - No
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{Phenomena associated with torbernites? - have a gaseous surface + radioactive + hydrated green copper uranyl phosphate mineral + isostructural with the related uranium mineral, autunite + the number of water hydration molecules can vary between 12 and 8 + gives rise to a variety of metatorbernite when torbernite spontaneously dehydrates
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{True or False, Some violet satellite bands are caused by those lithium atoms which undergo an optical transition while a helium atom is nearby. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Complete the text: Bombardment by protostellar { cosmic rays (i) } may make the rock { precursors (i) } of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions { CAIs (i) } and chondrules radioactive, producing { radionuclides (i) } found in meteorites that are difficult to obtain with other mechanisms.
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{True or False, Thorium is a silvery, radioactive, metallic element. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Complete the text: The extremely rare element technetium can be found in { uraninite|pitchblende (i) } in very small quantities (about 0.2 ng/kg), produced by the { spontaneous (i) } fission of uranium-238.
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{Yes or No, Without another element present with which it reacts, lithium can occur as a metal. + Yes - No
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{Complete the text: Match up the type of cosmic-ray detector with each of the possibilities below: visible tracks - A diffusion cloud chamber - B bubbles - C a grid of uninsulated electric wires - D similar to the Haverah Park experiment - E fluorescence detectors - F spark chamber { D (i) }. continuously sensitized to radiation { B (i) }. Pierre Auger Observatory { F (i) }. bubble chamber { C (i) }. Cherenkov detector { E (i) } expansion cloud chamber { A (i) }.
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{True or False, Diamond is an carbonide element. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Chaoites are another hexagonal form of native { carbon (i) }
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{Complete the text: Cosmic rays with energies over the { threshold (i) } energy of 5 x 1019 { eV (i) } interact with { cosmic microwave background (i) } photons to produce { pions (i) } via the $$\Delta$$ resonance.
 * type="{}"}

Hypotheses

 * 1) There is at least one alloy unique to Earth.