User:Marshallsumter/Radiation astronomy/Chemistry/Quiz

Radiation chemistry, or astronomical radiation chemistry, is a lecture for the course principles of radiation astronomy about the abundance and reactions of chemical elements and molecules in the universe.

You are free to take this quiz at any time and as many times as you wish to improve your score.

Once you’ve read and studied the lecture, the links contained within, and listed under See also, External links and those in the template, you should have adequate background to get 100 %.

Enjoy learning by doing!

Quiz
{True or False, Astronomical radiation chemistry is primarily the laboratory chemistry performed to understand the observations obtained from radiation astronomy. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which of the following is not a studied characteristic of astrochemistry? - interstellar atoms - interaction of radiation with molecules + nucleosynthesis - organics of interstellar origin - interstellar precursors
 * type=""}

{"The spectrum of gaseous methane at 77 K in the 1.1-2.6 µm region [is] a benchmark for" { planetary astronomy (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{Yes or No, The chemical element radium has been mapped by a gamma-ray spectrometer over the rocky surface of the Moon. - Yes + No
 * type=""}

{The Sun as a star has what chemical property? - it's a primordial population III star - it passes once a year across the Lockman Hole - silicates have been discovered in its interior structure - optical reflectance studies have found evidence of magnesium + it has a metallicity - it has a surface temperature of ~700 K
 * type=""}

{Complete the text: When imaged in visible light foliage appears to have what color { green (i) } due to the presence of { chlorophyll (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, An atom of hydrogen bearing a negative electrical charge is an ion. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{When plasma is present, what characteristic is readily observed? - the magnetic north pole - gravity - neutral neodymium atoms + electrons - temperatures below 104 K - solar positron events
 * type=""}

{Particularly with respect to making something, which descriptive property is important for materials? { shaped|manipulated (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, In olivines substituting values for y from 0 to 1 produces compositions ranging from fayalite to forsterite. - TRUE + FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which of the following is not a prominent contributor associated with the bluish color of water on Earth? + the blue sky - chlorophyll - dissolved organic matter - cyanobacteria - decomposition processes from dead organic matter such as plants - highly organic soils
 * type=""}

{That part of outer space between planets and their star(s) is called? { interplanetary medium (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, A layer of gases that may surround a material body and is held in place by buoyancy is called an atmosphere. - TRUE + FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which of the following is not a phenomenon associated with the planet Mars? - iron oxide - silicates + helium in its atmosphere - meteorites on Earth - methane in its atmosphere - weather
 * type=""}

{Complete the text: At its effective temperature of 1250 K, the atmosphere of the extrasolar planet 51 Pegasus B has clouds composed of { magnesium silicates (i) } and { other silicates|other silicate compounds (i) }.
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, Y-radiation from the Sun excites oxygen atoms in the Martian upper atmosphere. - TRUE + FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which of the following is not a phenomenon associated with the ionosphere? - above the mesosphere - chemical ions - chemical elements like oxygen and nitrogen - an ever increasing number of hydrogen ions with altitude - the process of ionization + magnetite particles
 * type=""}

{A terrestrial planet is composed primarily of? { silicate rocks|metals|silicates (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, Of some 824 red giant stars, lithium is detected in several stars. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Observations of Io have benefited greatly from what phenomenon? - a dense, opaque atmosphere - lightning - extensive meteorite cratering - a flattening out - liquid hydrocarbon lakes + the reflected light of allotropes and compounds of sulfur
 * type=""}

{The atmosphere of Titan which has a natural orange color is composed largely of? { nitrogen (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, The planetary nebula NGC 6543 has large concentrations of hydrogen, oxygen and ionized nitrogen. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which of the following are phenomena associated with the orange system? + titanium + yttrium - navels + a number of emission lines very close together - many impact craters on Io + ScO
 * type="[]"}

{It is one of only three objects in the Solar System known to have a nitrogen-dominated atmosphere (the others are Earth and Saturn's giant moon, Titan). { Triton (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, Early spectroscopy of the Sun using estimates of line intensities concluded that the Sun is largely composed of deuterium. - TRUE + FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which of the following are associated with solar limb faculae? + calcium emission lines - TiO absorption lines + chromium emission lines + Fe emission lines - a decrease in redness + emission lines of Ti
 * type="[]"}

{One of the substances discovered in the tail of Halley's comet by spectroscopic analysis is the toxic gas { cyanogen (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, Optical reflectance studies of Mercury provide evidence for Mg silicates. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which of the following are characteristic of Mercury + magnesium + aluminum + sulfur - inclinations as high as 50° + calcium - dysprosium
 * type="[]"}

{Silicates occur as part of the rocky surface beneath a visually opaque cloud layer on what planet? { Venus (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, Chemical ions above the Earth's atmosphere, moving at very high speeds constitute the interplanetary medium. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which chemical phenomenon are associated with the Earth? + quartz is the second most abundant mineral + an atmosphere containing CO2 + green, red, blue, and yellow airglow + the production and escape of hot H+ ions + oxygen emissions + helium ions
 * type="[]"}

{Soil samples from the mare of the Moon reflect primarily cyan due to the presence in the soils of what? { TiO2|TiO2 (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, Neutron spectroscopy has detected hydrogen and thereby water on the Moon. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Phenomena associated with some meteorites? - have a gaseous surface + long nickel-iron crystals + octahedrite + kamacite + taenite + plessite
 * type="[]"}

{The process of bombardment-induced surface alteration or damage is called. { space weathering (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, Water ice has been detected on the surface of an asteroid. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which chemical species have an enhanced abundance at the north polar region of Jupiter relative to midlatitudes? - CH3O + C2H2 + C2H4 + C3H4 + C6H6 - H2O
 * type="[]"}

{On Io in eclipse, the bright blue glows detected by NASA's Galileo spacecraft mark the sites of dense plumes of what. { volcanic vapor (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, The phosphorus containing compound Na3PO4 has been detected in the atmosphere of Saturn. - TRUE + FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which of the following are associated with hydrocarbons? + liquid lakes on Titan + petroleum deposits on Earth + methane in the atmosphere of Uranus - Titania + atmosphere of Neptune - an H II region
 * type="[]"}

{WNM is an acronym for what? { warm neutral medium (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, The amino acid glycine may have been discovered in the ISM. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{A NASA Hubble image of the Ring Nebula contains which of the following? + very hot helium blue + ionized oxygen emitting green + red light from ionized nitrogen + oxygen forbidden line emission + Hα + a forbidden line of sulfur
 * type="[]"}

{The 111 → 110 rotational transition that occurs in the direction of four dark nebulae is likely from what chemical. { formaldehyde (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, The focus of the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite is five spectral lines from water, isotopic water, isotopic carbon dioxide, molecular oxygen, and neutral carbon. - TRUE + FALSE
 * type=""}

{Phenomena associated with some brown dwarfs are which of the following? + lithium + a temperature well below the stellar range + methane absorption + the lithium test + X-rays + T dwarfs
 * type="[]"}

{The orange band from molecular calcium chloride is observed in the spectra of many stars of what type? { carbon|carbon stars (i) }
 * type="{}"}

{True or False, The aluminium abundance in stars is derived from the resonance line at 394.4 nm. + TRUE - FALSE
 * type=""}

{Which geochemical phenomena are associated with Earth? + weathering - lightning + calcium carbonate deposition in the oceans + uranium ions in its oceans - liquid methane oceans + silicate minerals
 * type="[]"}

{Which of the following are green radiation astronomy phenomena associated with the Sun? + the color of the upper rim as seen from Earth + an excess brightness at or near the edge of the Sun + the iron XIV green line - neutron emission + polar coronal holes - meteor emission + changes in the line-blanketing
 * type="[]"}

{Which of the following is not a characteristic of green astronomy? + boron - wavelength range of 495-570 nm - chlorophyll - greenstones - phytoplankton
 * type=""}

{True or False, The Hβ emission line does not appear when the F492M filter is used on the Hubble Space Telescope because its wavelength is 486.1 nm. - TRUE + FALSE
 * type=""}

{When ionization cones are present, what green characteristics are usually readily observed? + O III green emission line + green continua + biconical structure + a common cone axis and apex + ionized gas - neon clouds
 * type="[]"}

{Green earth is a natural pigment composed of what likely source of green? { magnesium (i) }
 * type="{}"}

Hypotheses

 * 1) Phosphate reactions are involved in the creation of various DNAs.