User:Marshallsumter/Radiation astronomy1/History/Quiz

Radiation history is the history of radiation astronomy lecture and article for the course on the principles of radiation astronomy.

This is a quiz based on the lecture that you are free to take at any time.

Once you’ve read and studied the lecture itself, the links contained within the article/lecture, listed under See also, External links and in the template, you should have adequate background to take the quiz.

Suggestion: Have the lecture available in a separate window.

Enjoy learning by doing!

Quiz
{True or False, The principal difference between ancient astronomical history and archeoastronomy is "cultural interpretations of phenomena in the sky." + TRUE - FALSE
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{Which of the following is not a studied characteristic of the early history of astronomy? - the North Polar region - the first celestial globe + radiation - constellations - trained observers of today are different from the observers of antiquity
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{Name a Neolithic monument in England that may have functioned as a celestial observatory { stonehenge (i) }
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{Yes or No, Those parts of human interest in celestial phenomena which are amenable to mathematical treatment are called astronomy. + Yes - No
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{Ionization within the Earth's atmosphere from cosmic rays has what property? - it's subject to solar eclipses - it increases underwater - cosmic rays do not penetrate the atmosphere - is higher at the base of the Eiffel tower rather than the top - is obscured by hot-air balloons + the ionization rate rises at rising elevation
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{"[T]he study of objects and matter outside the Earth's atmosphere and of their physical and chemical properties" is called { astronomy (i) }
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{True or False, The disparity between the atomic number of an atom and its atomic mass is explained by the existence of the neutrino. - TRUE + FALSE
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{The Larmor radius is not a limit in positron astronomy because of what characteristic of a positron? - the positron has a half-life of about one year - at the Larmor radius from the Sun the quarks inside a positron become unstable - at relativistic speeds the charge on a positron approaches zero - for very high speeds (almost relativistic) local or large scale magnetic fields produce little deflection - solar positron events may have a significant impact on the Earth's atmosphere + the positron annihilates after a short distance with a nearby electron
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{Which group of astronomers were the first to keep written records of what they learned about the heavens? { Sumerians (i) }
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{True or False, The fundamental unit was over 1000 times smaller than an atom, suggesting the subatomic particles called delta rays. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Which of the following is not in the history of neutrino astronomy? - Enrico Fermi coined the term "neutrino" + Wolfgang Pauli postulated the muon neutrino - in the Cowan–Reines neutrino experiment, antineutrinos are created - a hydrogen bubble chamber was used to detect neutrinos - Niels Bohr was opposed to the neutrino interpretation of beta decay - a neutrino hitting a proton is detectable
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{What is the name of the oldest recorded star catalog? { Gan Shi Xing Jing (i) }
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{True or False, The Goddard rocket was the first sounding rocket to carry an X-ray detector above the Earth's atmosphere. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Which of the following is not a phenomenon associated with the history of optical astronomy? - actuators may be a part of active optics + the Vela satellites were the first devices in space ever to detect optical bursts - Galileo made a telescope with about 3x magnification - Galileo sold his telescopes to merchants - Sidereus Nuncius - a terrestrial telescope or a spyglass could also be used to observe the sky
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{The rising Sun illuminates the inner chamber of Newgrange, Ireland, only at which solstice. { winter (i) }
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{True or False, Infrared astronomy began in the 1730s, a few decades after the discovery of infrared light by William Herschel - TRUE + FALSE
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{Which of the following is not a phenomenon associated with the history of violet astronomy? - photographs of the planet Venus taken in 1927 - two nebulous bright streaks running approximately perpendicular to the terminator on Venus - observations of Venus in 1959 with spectrographs show a wide continuous absorption - the stellar abundance of aluminum - the Galileo spacecraft observed Venus + the helium beta line
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{Who first proposed the hypothesis that the Sun is at rest, while the Earth and the planets rotate about the Sun? { Aristarchus (i) }
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{True or False, A new archaeological excavation has found a Babylonian telescope for the first time. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Observations of comets have benefited greatly from what phenomenon of cyan astronomy? - Cherenkov radiation - the electric blue glow of lightning - gas-expansion velocity decreases with increasing heliocentric distance - methane possesses prominent absorption bands in the visible - adaptive optics + the light of the neutral CN-radical
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{The history of astronomy, archaeoastronomy, and the application of historical records to modern astrophysical problems have been included in what astronomy? { historical (i) }
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{True or False, The astronomer Clyde Tombaugh is the discoverer of Charon. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Which of the following is a phenomenon associated historically with yellow astronomy? - Jupiter + sodium line emission - sunspots on the Sun - an emission with a wavelength of 420 nm - phosphorus - TiO
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{A collection of architectural astronomical instruments, built by Maharaja Jai Singh II at his then new capital of Jaipur between 1727 and 1733 is known as the { Jantar Mantar (i) }
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{True or False, To ancient astronomers stars remain relatively fixed over the centuries while planets move an appreciable amount during a comparatively short time. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Which of the following is not associated with spherical trigonometry? + the sum of the angles internal to a triangle is always 180° - Menelaus of Alexandria - Tycho Brahe - the sum of the angles internal to a triangle may be greater than 180° - chords - it is not appropriate to extend its mysteries to everyone
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{What term was first used with reference to the transfer of momentum from the Sun to the planets in 1942 { magnetohydrodynamics (i) }
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{True or False, The Sun is a classical planet. + TRUE - FALSE
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{From a historical perspective which of the following is not characteristic of the solar corona - the solar corona is electric - it drives away the tails of comets - a net charge on the Sun of approximately -0.3 x 1028 e.s.u. + extrasolar planets - the Reverend Lecturer referring to coronal holes - "the coronoidal discharges in poor vacua obtained by Prof. Pupin about an insulated metal ball are exceedingly like the rays and streamers of the solar corona."
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{That which forms in space above a sunspot area and rains streamers upon it is called a { coronal cloud (i) }
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{True or False, The observations of planetary motion agree with computed orbits to the accuracy of the observations. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Considering Spöerer's law which phenomenon is not associated with sunspots? - the forerunners of the new cycle are beginning to appear in high latitudes - in a minimum year the zone about 15° should be entirely barren - the greatest group of the year - the celebrated "eclipse group" - a cause produces variation of rotation rate with latitude + There is a slight acceleration of the rotation period from the first cycle to the second
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{Name a classical planet that was not apparently seen in the sky before 5102 b2k { Venus (i) }
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{True or False, Tally sticks, notched bones dating as far back as 20–30,000 years ago, are believed by some to mark the sunspot cycle. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Various radiation observatories occur at different altitudes and geographic locations due to what effect? - the presence of oceans on the Earth - locally available carving tools + the atmosphere of the Earth - most astronomical objects are observed at night - currently dormant volcanoes seldom erupt - human habitation increases near an astronomical observatory
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{To the Babylonians, this object represented their god Marduk. { Jupiter (i) }
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{True or False, The V 2 rocket was first used as a sounding rocket for X-ray astronomy before being converted to a weapon. - TRUE + FALSE
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{The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar is an astronomical document produced to help astronomers for what purpose? - predict the end of the Earth - determine the accuracy of local computers + accurately predict the equinoxes - demonstrate that Venus was once a comet - predict when currently dormant volcanoes will erupt - demonstrate that the local pyramids were built by aliens
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{On 19 May 1910, the Earth actually passed through the tail of what comet. { Halley's (i) }
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{True or False, Demetrius lived at Abdère 300 years before the Christian era 2300 b2k. In a short fragment quoted by Plutarch, he declares that the Milky Way is an agglomeration of small stars too far away to be perceived singly. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Johannes Kepler is not known for which of the following? - being an astrologer - a key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution + Euclidean geometry - projective geometry - if a straight line is extended to infinity it will meet itself at a single point at infinity, thus having the properties of a large circle - Rudolphine Tables
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{What type of early calculator is capable of working out several kinds of spherical astronomy problems { astrolabe (i) }
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{True or False, Historically, observatories were as simple as having some alignments on astronomical phenomena. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Sputnik I was involved in which of the following astronomies? - red astronomy - stellar astronomy - neutrino astronomy + radio astronomy - neutron astronomy - X-ray astronomy
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{"El Caracol" is an observatory at Chichen Itza, Mexico, serving at the very least as an observation. { post (i) }
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{True or False, The first gamma-ray telescope was carried into orbit aboard OSO 3. - TRUE + FALSE
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{Historically, orange astronomy is not known for which of the following? - Alpha Centauri B - Epsilon Eridani + Saturn - K spectral type stars - the Bayer designation for a star - the Indian city of Pondicherry in December 1689
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{Soon after the invention of radar astronomy, what classical planet was detected { Moon (i) }
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{True or False, Analysis of tree rings has revealed a detailed picture of past solar cycles. + TRUE - FALSE
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{Cheomseongdae was involved in which of the following astronomies? - cosmic-ray astronomy - infrared astronomy - neutrino astronomy + visual astronomy - ultraviolet astronomy - radio astronomy
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{Before the current era and perhaps before 6,000 b2k which classical planet may have been green? { Osiris|Saturn (i) }
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Hypotheses

 * 1) The history of radiation astronomy dates at least to 42,000 b2k.