User:Psych intensive/sandbox

Bipolar Chapter - Table 1
Note. Bipolar extremely rare before the age of 5; do not consider as a possible diagnosis except under highly extenuating circumstances.

Glossary: YSR = Youth Self Report (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001); BASC = Behavioral Assessment Scale for Children (Reynolds & Kamphaus, 2015); SDQ = Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, Ford, Simmons, Gatward, & Meltzer, 2003), ASI = Adolescent Symptom Inventory (Gadow & Sprafkin, 1997); CSI = Child Symptom Inventory (Gadow & Sprafkin, 1994); YASR = Young Adult Self-Report (Achenbach, 1997); PPDS = Petersen Pubertal Developmental Screen (Petersen et al., 1988); FIRM = Family Index of Risk for Mood disorders (Algorta et al., 2013); GBI = General Behavior Inventory (Depue et al., 1981); 7 Up = 7 Up (E. A. Youngstrom et al., 2013); PGBI-10M, 10Da, 10Db = 10 item forms of parent-reported GBI (E. A. Youngstrom, A. Van Meter, et al., 2018); HCL = Hypomania Checklist (J. Angst et al., 2010); BSDS = Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale (Ghaemi et al., 2005); MDQ = Mood Disorder Questionnaire (Hirschfeld et al., 2000); ISS = Internal States Scale (Bauer et al., 1991); MINI = Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Sheehan et al., 1998); MINI-Kid = MINI for Children and Adolescents (Sheehan et al., 2010); KMRS = KSADS Mania Rating Scale (D. A. Axelson et al., 2003); KDRS = KSADS Depression Rating Scale (Demeter et al., 2013); YMRS = Young Mania Rating Scale (Young et al., 1978); HDRS = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Hamilton, 1967); CGAS = Children’s Global Assessment Scale (D. Shaffer et al., 1983); GAF = Global Assessment of Functioning (Hall, 1995); KINDL = quality of life scale (not an acronym) (Ravens-Sieberer & Bullinger, 2000); QoL.BSD = Quality of Life for Bipolar Disorder (Michalak et al., 2010); PGBI Sleep = sleep scale carved from parent GBI (Meyers & Youngstrom, 2008); SMEQ = Student Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (Košćec, Radošević-Vidaček, & Kostović, 2001); PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse, Reynolds, Monk, Berman, & Kupfer, 1989).

Bipolar Chapter - Table 4
p Parent interviewed as component of diagnostic assessment; y youth interviewed as part of diagnostic assessment.

Note: KSADS = Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, PL = Present and Lifetime version, WASH-U = Washington University version, -E = Epidemiological version of the KSADS; DISC = Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children; DICA = Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents. Table modified from Wikiversity.

Bipolar Chapter - Table 6
Estimates based on saturated regression model for studies from 2000 and later, with 2016 as reference year (Youngstrom, Egerton, et al., 2018).

aFlesch-Kincaid Grade Level, estimated on the combination of instructions and items.

bMDQ available in English, Spanish, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, Farsi/Persian, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese.

cBSDS available in English (US & UK), Arabic, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Persian, Portuguese, Spanish.

dHCL available in English, Arabic, Croatian, Danish, Dutch, Flemish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese (Portuguese & Brazilian), Russian, Spanish, Turkish.

eGBI available in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Korean in full length and 7 Up-7 Down versions; available in 20 other languages for 10-M and 10-Da versions.

fCMRS available in English, Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Portuguese.

gFIRM available in English and Spanish.

Note. AUC = Area Under Curve from receiver operating characteristic analysis; estimate assumes parametric distribution. Sensitivity for specificity = .90 uses same assumptions. DiLR+ is the diagnostic likelihood ratio associated with scoring above the threshold attached to a specificity of .90; note that this might not be the most discriminating region of performance on a given test. The Wikiversity pages have more details, including multi-level likelihood ratios. Likelihood ratios of 1 indicate that the test result did not change impressions at all. LRs larger than 10 or smaller than .10 are frequently clinically decisive; 5 or .20 are helpful, and between 2.0 and .5 are small enough that they rarely result in clinically meaningful changes of formulation (Sackett et al., 2000).

Bipolar Chapter - Table 2.
Adapted from DSM-5 (APA, 2013); ICD-11 (WHO, 2018); ISBSD Child Diagnosis Task Force (Youngstrom, Birmaher, & Findling, 2008).

Bipolar Chapter - Table 7
a Sensitivity estimates from Van Meter, Burke, Kowatch, et al. (2016) meta-analysis.

Bipolar Chapter - Table 8
* “A” = Away from the clinical range, “B” = Back into the nonclinical range, “C” = Closer to the nonclinical than clinical mean. The outpatient samples use all cases with BSD for the clinical reference group for mania measures, and any mood disorder as the reference for depression measures.

aData from (E. A. Youngstrom, A. Van Meter, et al., 2018).

bData from (E A Youngstrom et al., 2005).

cData from (Eric A. Youngstrom, Halverson, Youngstrom, Lindhiem, & Findling, 2018).