User:Saddikuti Swetha/sandbox

= DNA FINGER PRINTING = Everyone has basically the same DNA, we all have the same genes.All humans look similar, everyone has eyes, nose, ears and other features same but the eye colour of everyone is not the same and simillarly we all are slightly different in heights.This variation is what makes us different from one another and make us unique as an individual. This is because of the wonders of the genetic code. Consider genetic code to be an alphabet which is making up words to describe about each person's characteristics. As you know we can put these alphabets together to form words in countless number of ways, which makes each individual different from one another. The DNA of every individual is random mix of the genes from their mother and father,as it is random so two people DNA can never be completely same. Even identical twins have small differences in their DNA. Actually 99.9% of DNA is same for everyone,only 0.01% is different which is quite a large difference when we consider scientifically.

DNA exists in bone, blood, hair, saliva, semen, skin and sweat. The DNA is same in every cell of our body. Each DNA strand contains a unique sequence of coding. Every individual finger print is also unique so finger print was used instead of signature in the olden days.

DNA finger printing is used for genetic research, paternity testing and for crime investigation. Crimes are increasing at an alarming rate, and every crime scene has some clues left, some which can be seen by naked eye like the device used to do away with the person and some which cannot be seen by the naked eye like blood samples, hair samples. The DNA is collected from the samples of either blood, skin or hair which was left at the crime scene.Then the DNA is cut into small fragments using restriction enzymes. The fragments are then seperated into bands by electrophorosis through agarose gel.The pattern of DNA is detected by X-ray, the generated pattern looks like a bar code which we observe on the products( food,clothes in supermarket).DNA fingerprinting has helped to solve many crimes and save innocent people from convincting as criminals.This DNA fingerprinting is a major clue and helps the judiciary system to give the verdict of the trial and serve justice as soon as possible.It hepls in identifying the suspect. This finger print can be submitted as a evidence aganist the suspect in the court.

DNA finger printing is used in agriculture for idenifying genetically modified vegetables and it is very useful in paternity and maternity tests for the parents to know their relationship with the child.DNA finger printing has most its use in forensics for investigating crime cases.DNA finger printing has helped to solve many serious cases but certain care has to be taken so that no innocent is punished for the crime he has not committed.