User:Versace419/project 3

Project Preference

 * Bernoulli (or Coanda) effect
 * Useless Box
 * Makerbot

Problem Statement
''In one or two sentences, describe the project that your group will be working on. Identify what CDIO phase (Conceive, Design, Implement, or Operate) your group will complete in this project cycle.''

Project Plan
Briefly describe your group's plan for the next 4 weeks, including major tasks that will be completed each week.

Week 1 Narrative
This week the task is to understand the Coanda and Bernoulli effect by performing experiments and demonstrations. With the use of A spoon and a tap of running water the Coanda effect can be easily demonstrated. When the back of a spoon is used to interrupt the flow of water from a running tap, the spoon is attracted to the water by a force and the flow of water follows the curvature of the spoon.

Equipments Needed to Perform an Experiment for Coanda Effect
 * Runnig tap water
 * A plastic spoon
 * Sticky tape
 * Three chopsticks
 * A safety pin

Procedure
 * Use the sticky tape to attach the chopsticks to the tap.
 * Attach the safety pin to the spoon using tape so that the tape acts as a pivot point(see picture2 above)
 * Place the end of to chopsticks facing the flow of water into the safety pin(see picture4 above)
 * Let the tap run and push the spoon towards the flow of water using the third chopstick and observe.
 * Increase the flow of water and observe.
 * Turn the spoon the other way around and observe.

The spoon gets attracted to the flow of water and the water flows according to the curvature of the spoon, this is known as the Coanda effect. When the flow of water is increased the force of attraction increases. When the spoon is turned the other way around, the spoon is pushed away by the flow of water.

Video 1 shows the demonstration of the spoon faced backwards. This video shows the Coanda effect. While Video 2 shows the demonstration of the spoon faced in the opposite direction. This does not show the Coanda effect

In video 1, the curved surface of the spoon causes the velocity at which the water flows when it approaches the spoon. Due to the increase in velocity, there is also a decrease in pressure on that side of the spoon and an increase in pressure on the opposite side. This causes the spoon to be attracted to the flow of water. The change in flow of the water from linear to the curvature of the spoon is the Coanda Effect.

In video 2, the Coanda effect is not achieved because the velocity of the water decreases as it approaches that side of the spoon. Due to the decrease in velocity, the pressure on that side of the spoon increases and the pressure on the opposite side decreases, causing the spoon to be pushed away.

Next steps:
 * Perform a demonstration for Bernoulli effect
 * Start working on the construction of a self flowing flask

Week 2 Narrative
This week the task was to perform more demonstrations on the Bernoulli effect and begin working on a self flowing flask.

Equipment Needed to Perform an Experiment for the Bernoulli Effect
 * A 12inch Ruler
 * A Pencil
 * String
 * A straw
 * Ping Pong balls
 * Sticky tape
 * Scissors
 * A hair dryer

Experiment 1: Using two ping pong balls, a ruler and strings the Bernoulli effect can be achieved

PROCEDURE
 * Measure and cut two piece of string of about 12 inches long
 * Use tape to attach the ping pong balls to the string and the ruler so that the strings are about 1 to 2 inches apart
 * Blow air through the middle of the balls and observe.

Experiment 2 Using paper, a string, and a straw the Bernoulli effect can be demonstrated. This experiment is called the wing on a string.

PROCEDURE
 * From (http://www3.rmsc.org/museum/kidsclub/experiments/airplay/airplay1b.htm) one can download and print out the wing template on a piece of A4 paper.
 * Cut the drawing out and fold along the dotted line so that side A is curved and side B is flat.
 * Tape the ends and use a pencil to puncture a hole through the dot on side A so that it comes out through side B
 * Push a straw in between the hole and use tape to hold the straw and paper together
 * Cut the straw so that the it fits just into the two holes and pass a string through it
 * Tie the ends of the string together and use a paper clip to attach the wing to the arm of a chair or any other secure spot
 * Blow air using a hair dryer above the curved surface and observe.

The wing rises as the air rushes towards the curved surface of the wing. The air rushing towards the curved surface causes a decrease in pressure on the curved surface and a decrease in pressure at the flat surface as a result, the wing is rises. The rising of the wing is known as the Bernoulli effect.

Self Flowing Flask

The self flowing flask is a simple perpetual motion machine which was developed by Robert Boyle. Using a fluid such as carbonated water, soda, beer, or petrol. Due to the atmospheric pressure exerted on the fluid in a flask/bottle, the fluid continues to flow for a period of time.

The self flowing flask, will be mounted on stand that has a spoon integrated into it in order to demonstrate the Bernoulli and Coanda effect. The spoon will pushed towards the stream of flowing liquid in order to achieve the Bernoulli/Coanda affect.

Equipment used for making a Self Flowing Flask
 * A bottle
 * A hose connector
 * A transparent hose
 * A funnel

Cut open the end of the bottle. Use the hose connector to attach the top of the bottle and the hose together.

Problems Encountered

The hose connector could not fit into the top of the bottle. Using a candle to heat up the top of the bottle, it expands and allows the hose connector to fit in.

An attempt to use Coca-cola as the fluid to make a continuous flow failed.

Next steps:

Use a different kind of fluid or get a different flask to achieve a continuous flow.

Week 3 Narrative
This week's task was to get a different kind of flask or make a custom flask. A chemical flask was obtained but it is not suitable enough.

The chemical flask above could not be used because of its structure. The lower part of the flask is long and narrow which makes it suitable, but the top part is not wide enough because of the cap it has on top of it.

Since the initial flask was not suitable, it was decided that a custom flask should be made. With the use of sheet styrene and plastruct, a funnel shaped flask can be constructed.

After making the outline and cutting out the needed pieces, It was realized that the shape of the outline needed to be as that of a cone which has both ends open and not a trapezium. The outline above cannot form a funnel shape properly when bent.

Next steps: Get more plastic and make a measured outline of a cone in order to get the best results to make a better flask

Week 4 Narrative
This week the task was to finish up with the flask and add it to the stand.

Prototype