User:Vikitamishra/sandbox

= CHEMISTRY IN LIFE =

What is your body made of ? Our first thought might be that it is made up of different organs such as our heart, lungs, and stomach that work together to keep your body going. Or you might zoom in a level and say that your body is made up of many different types of cells. But your body on most basic level and in fact all of life, as well as the nonliving world is made up of atoms which organized together are called molecules.

Atoms and molecules follow the rules of chemistry, physics or when they are part of a complex structure. Atoms gain or lose electrons while undergoing reaction. But atom is not indivisible. Before that what is matter which constitutes atoms.

MATTER:
It's usually what we call stuff. Or in more precise way its something which occupies space and has mass. . For example the book, fan , human body etc is matter.

ELEMENTS:
Matter is made up of elements. For example gold coin is matter but it's made up of very large number of atoms or in this case elements called gold.

ATOM:
It's most basic element in human body. Its consists of two regions – atomic nucleus and the other one is much larger called electron cloud.

-NEUTRON:
Nucleus consists of neutron and proton. neutron has no charge and is neutral in nature.

-PROTON:
Proton is positively charged

-ELECTRON:
It's negatively charged element which revolves around the nucleus.

The attraction between these positively charged particles and negatively charged particle holds them together. Most atoms contain all three of these types of subatomic particles protons, electrons, and neutrons. Hydrogen is an exception because it has one proton and one electron, but no neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus determines which element an atom is, while the number of electrons surrounding the nucleus determines which kind of reactions the atom will undergo.

Protons and neutrons donot have same charge but approximately same mass.Since grams are not a very convenient unit for measuring masses that tiny, scientists chose to define an alternative measure, the dalton or '''atomic mass unit. A single neutron or proton has a weight very close to 1 amu. Electrons are much smaller in mass than protons, only about 1/1800 of an atomic mass unit .On the other hand, electrons do greatly affect an atom’s charge, as each electron has a negative charge equal to the positive charge of a proton. In uncharged, neutral atoms, the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus is equal to the number of protons inside the nucleus. The positive and negative charges cancel out, leading to an atom with no net charge. Protons, neutrons and electrons are very small and most of the volume of an atom—greater than 99 percent—is actually empty space. But with all this empty space, solid objects don’t just pass through one another. And the answer is that the negatively charged electron clouds of the atoms will repel each other if they get too close together, resulting in our perception of solidity.'''