User:Vithiya shree

A study on modes of transportation in logistics:

In the domain of logistics management, physical distribution systems link manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers into marketing channels making the products available. The major logistics function includes transportation in which certain decisions about the movement of goods and services are made in the interests of the organization. Transportation function is important because it affects the delivery performance, pricing of product, and condition of the arrived goods which ultimately determine the satisfaction of the customers. There are five different transportation modes that can be adopted by an organization in the delivery of their products to the dealers, warehouses, and customers.

Logistics is the physical flow of materials and products which are commonly to be transported in the supply chain. The five basic transportation modes are road; rail, air, water, and pipeline.

Transportation has been recognized for many years as being one of the most important activities in the physical distribution of materials and products. Companies face different trade-offs when choosing transportation methods. The choice of transportation method depends on the customers’ needs, speed, cost, frequency of delivery, or flexibility to respond to different market conditions.

ROAD: Road transportation is often the most preferred means of transportation for sellers and businesses in the supply chain. The roads are used to transport a wide variety of goods, both containerized and non-containerized. Even sea or air cargo modes use road transportation for first and last mile transportation.

RAIL: Rail logistics transport is a means of transferring goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are located on tracks. It is one of the most important, commonly used, and cost-effective modes of commute and goods carriage over long as well as short distances.

AIR: Air transport is that which transports by air, by means of aircrafts, airplanes, etc. Allows the movement of people, goods and mail. Aircraft are the fastest means of transportation and therefore the most suitable for shipping products within the supply chain that require fast and agile delivery.

water: Water transportation is the international movement of water over large distances. Methods of transportation fall into three categories: Aqueducts, which include pipelines, canals, tunnels and bridges. Container shipment, which includes transport by tank truck, tank car, and tank ship.

pipelines: Pipeline transportation is a method of transportation which involves movement of solid, liquid or gaseous products over long distances through pipelines. This mode of transportation is mostly used for transport of crude and refined petroleum products such as oil and natural gas.