User talk:Prof Davis Leshan Pangpang

vision 2030- the kenyan dreams A REVIEW OF VISION 2030 LECTURE ADOPTED FROM THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE VISION 2030 MR. MUGO AND DR. JAMES MWANGI THE CHAIRMAN Overview The Kenyan dreams of vision 2030 was a strategic vision to attain development to a middle income country, where the vision was based on some dependency which was to drive the development of the dream, the three pillars were the formed as the capstone for these development, these pillars were: 1.	The social pillar. 2.	The political pillar. 3.	The economic pillar. These pillars was formed to precursor these achievement and also to facilitate to the establishment of the Kenyan dreams, this was to the realization that these dreams could not be attain unless there was established an accommodating framework, which culminated to the formulation of these pillars. Proceedings/ achievements The project was to be a join program of both the public and private sector, but the private sector seems to be reluctant to participate, the government has been a major player in this program, where there was formulation of the vision board and the development partners, each sector was given independence and different office but their theme was the same ‘attaining vision 2030’ currently it seemed the political wing to be on the peak, where the reform has taken place and we are coming closer to the legal framework, which is to provide development infrastructure. The two pillars have not work to the expectation though it’s not late, these delay has been caused by: 1.	Apathetic citizen-where citizen are not ready for the challenge, this project need collaboration and active initiation of both the public and the private sector. 2.	Lack of finance- this has always been the major challenge in developing world, the project has lack enough sponsor to lay foundation, sensitization of the project through capacity building and also implementation of the project. 3.	Lack of competence service and product delivery, Kenyan should prepare them to compete in the global market; this is calling for extra competence and standard service delivery. 4.	Lack of good legal framework- the dependent judiciary, lack of democracy, abuse of office and many corruption oriented cases has lead to delay of the project, especially in frightening the investors in investing in the country. The long investing process has also be a factor, which also dissipates the potential investors. 5.	growth rate over GDP or the population growth-the developing world has been branded with negative occurrences and social primitiveness due to their capital inability, the last survey recorded a 3% growth in population and 2% growth in GDP, which translate to 1% deficit, this shows that the population growth has superb the domestic growth. 6.	Demographic transition-this also shows need to control birth rate. 7.	Lack of global standardization of services and product, the Kenya burial of standard need to improve on the branding of Kenya product. Challenges 1.	Kenyan should work toward global competitiveness. 2.	Control of the growth rate of the population, this should eliminate the paradox of population growth to be bigger than the GDP growth. 3.	Kenya should develop long term measures and solution, which include communication and infrastructure growth. 4.	Kenya should enhance education access ability as a social pillar for education has the potential to augment understanding and give Kenyans better insight in these developments. 5.	Reduction of the rural-urban migration, this will control population growth in towns where it creates slums growth and increase poverty level and poor living standard. 6.	Establishing of rural economic- this was also used in china in their anthropologic growth stance, where the authority establishes an empower centre like cane factory in sugar production areas to increase the agro-growth, and to create employments opportunities in rural areas.

writing for radio
Writing to be heard 1: Audio journalism Audio writing is what we called radio production, these can be a radio program, music program, a radio documentary, campaign or aradio commercial Writing for audio -- must be clear -- must be for the ear (to be heard, not read) •	short words •	short sentences, one idea or fact per sentence •	simple sentence structure (subj, verb, predicate, period) •	pronounceable words •	use of contractions •	casual but not informal •	efficient – make every word count active voice -- must be written to time – how long does it take to say it -- must be written to be spoken Part of audio journalism means you have to learn to do it – that is, to speak it. -- using proper English -- speaking in complete sentences, complete thoughts• -- clarity (enunciation) -- logical (coherence) -- pace – speaking slowly enough to be understood, fast enough to be interesting -- practice, practice, practice (seriously) -- speaking with confidence, eliminating uhs, y’knows and that other word Clarity, clarity, clarity Recording and editing audio Recording Tools and equipment. Basic recording equipment is inexpensive and simple to use. Every journalism student must have some kind of ditigal recorder and must be aware of its capacity. The importance of sound quality. Sound quality does not have to be an obsession because of the good equipment that is available. Still, journalism students must learn to make their equipment produce clear, understandable sound on all occasions. Ambient sound and music. The qualities of ambient sound and music can enhance the reporting. They are special products of audio journalism that cannot be duplicated by any other medium. Editing Putting audio files together for presentation. Editing audio can be as simple or as complex as the reporter and editor choose to make it. Some audio reporters, develop their stories through complex and highly sophisticated editing techniques. Our goals for beginning journalism students are more modest. Simply producing a clear, coherent recording would be enough. •	Multiple tracks. Student should have some basic understanding of mixing sound tracks. •	Importance of beginning and ending. Writing good introductions and planning the sound story from beginning to end is basic to good audio journalism. •	Standard constructions and techniques. Students should learn the standard techniques of audio editing as the well as the terms, such as fades, cross-fading, establish music, segue, transition, voice out, music up, and voice wrap. –please we will organize a radio production seminar for practical session on radio production Audacity The one piece of software that students should learn for audio journalism is Audacity. While editing sound has a wide array of possibilities, it has been rendered simple and easy by Audacity, a free and downloadable piece of software from SourceForge.net. Audacity comes with a set of tutorials, the basics of Audacity can be grasped in just a few minutes by those who simply use the software, these softwares include Adobe cool edit, premier, sound forge, sony vegus etc. Audacity allows users to add and delete portions of a soundtrack and to place new soundtracks into a file. Its visual dashboard (below) includes all of the tools for basic sound editing, and it is likely that student will be able to learn the program to create audio files very quickly. Below is a screen shot of a audio file being edited in Audacity. Editing an audio file is a relatively straightforward matter. Possible writing lab activities for next week (the week after spring break) -- Review lecture points as necessary; comments, questions? -- In-class writing assignments from chapters 7, 8, 9 as necessary -- Exercise editing audio -- Assign news story to be reported these week and written during second lab of the week; story should include headline, summary, links, nutshell form; pictures and cutlines; full inverted pyramid structure; should be entered onto the D-TV servers.

FACTORS HINDER DEVELOPMENT IN KENYA-Source credibility
ST. MARY’S SCHOOL OF GRADUATE SCHOOL OF COMMUNICATION By Davis Leshan Pangpang A report of the study to determine factors which hinders innovation

SOURCE CREDIBILITY IS A MAJOR FACTOR WHICH HINDERS PROGRESSION IN KENYA AND THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Abstract The psychological fallacy which has been in existence to many adherent of developing countries that development or innovation must be done with a credible source has been the greatest fiasco to innovation in Kenya big institutions especially the government, which has been the major adherent to the school of thought that innovation proposals must be behind a corporate institution or individual public figure, these past dated fallacy has really underpin innovations in the region, and has also lead to increase on status quo attitude which has been a stamp ling block of status quoism in the region. Introduction Developing countries has been identified as a negativism brand across sectors; this has been framed to be due to poverty effect which is almost a traditional, in order to achieve vision 2030, there is need to change our perception and to become ambassador for change, this is in terms of challenging the status quo despite the cost or else Kenyan dream will remain a dream, Kenyan and the developing world must come to the maturity that transition and innovation must be allowed and all the stake holders must adopt innovation products and proposal ideas and services and not the personality behind the idea, the ability to get the stunning idea and to invent creative products is a gift more of a talent, which in latent is incredible but with time if discovered will gain credibility. This confusion has create a state of fallacy which is now a major effect of innovation development, leaders, stake holders and administrators must accept innovation despite the personality behind them, company should chose development innovative and proposal to allow is growth and avoid to shutout promising innovations which has the capacity to improve the institution service delivery only because of the person behind the idea or product is not credible. Credibility comes with the ability all stake holders must know; the adoption of the innovative product will forge credibility to the source. It has also been revealed that many institutions in Kenya and the developing countries has chase away a lot of gain due to negligence of the innovative product and ideas in the name that the source was not recognize or not credited, the first utilize idea in the market usually gain customer trust which studies have shown it gives the company customer loyalty, this has made many institution incompetence, due to lack of current development trend, this has also translated to hinder innovation development due to lack of both the support which is the capital investment and the product adaptation which is the market, this has been the major factor which has hinder innovation development in Kenya and the developing countries, the truth is that Kenyans and the developing countries are very sharp, talented and with amazing ideas which are creative but the lack of trust by the institution both the public and private has fail the product and services inventions in the country. Objective The aim of this report was to determine the main factor which hinders innovation development in Kenya and the developing countries, which has been revealed to be negligence of innovation products and services due to source credibility. Methodology and findings Basic qualitative, statistics and quantitative analysis were employed to acquire the data, which were carefully sortedobservation, interviews and participation played a major role in identifying different situation where innovation was shut out due to lack of credibility of the source, the data achieved shows that no individual especially external innovation product or proposal idea could be adopted in Kenya government or private sector. It also show that government was operating under a very old fashion ethics that they will not adopt anything from individual, the report also shows that innovative masterminds suffers the victims of loosing their product due to lack of knowledge on intellectual property and copyright law. The report also revealed that most administrators were living in the current status quo and also they were practicing obscurantism in their duty. Recommendation A possible improvement of these situations is to allow change and the development trend by adapting to new technology which seems to hold the potential to expand market, working environment and quicken service delivery, stake holders should allow innovation and ignore personality, innovation would bring credibility and that means source must not be credited but the product itself must be credible.