Votian/Exessive

== Exessive ==

Phonological history
The -n component of exessive has probably the same origin as the  essive  -na.

The suffix has a counterpart in Finnish  (Savo and South-East ),  Karelian,  Estonian ,  Livonian  and  Ingrian dialects.

Morphophonology and pronunciation
No plural  forms of exessive have been found.
 * The final vowel of this suffix is usually omitted in Pummala  - Lempola dialect e.g.  traktoristi-nD  (" from the position of a tractor driver "),  soлdatinD  (" from army ").

Usage
Exessive was in active use mainly in Pummala  - Lempola dialect.

It may express
 * 1) leaving a certain  condition or a job - e.g.  tuli f a d́ e i kotŭò soлdati-nD  (" Fadei came home leaving the life of a soldier. "),  tuлe̮b   ̮ vällɛ̆ä̀ karjuši-nD  ("He'll quit his work as a herdsman."),  sütšüzül̄   meneb   ̮ vällɛ̆ä̀ traktoristi-nD  (" He will leave the tractor driver's work this autumn. "  Lempola ),  tuli tervĭèssi läsivä-nD  ("She has recovered (after being ill)."  Pummala  dialect).
 * 2) Exessive of other dialects has been preserved mainly in  adverbs - e.g. taka-nD (" from behind "),  koto-nD ~ koto-nta  (" from home ")

Dialectal alternatives

 * Votic of Ingria


 * Western
 * Hill dialect: Exessive  is a productive case mainly in the following dialects:


 * Pummala dialect
 * Lempola dialect

=== Other Finnic dialects ===


 * Finnish dialects : taka-nta (" from behind ")
 * Karelian dialects : tagoa-nda (" from behind ")
 * Ingrian dialects : takkā-nD  (" from behind ")
 * Standard Estonian : taga-nt (" from behind ")
 * Livonian dialects : tagà-nD  (" from behind ")