Votian/Lative

== Lative ==

Pronunciation

 * 1) The final -k is pronounced as -G in Eastern Votic  dialect. All the other dialects both in Ingria and Estonia have lost the phoneme *k in the end of words e.g.  tšīniG ~ tšīni  (" fixed "):  ve̮tti tšīni  ("He catched it"),   pani tšīni  ("He fixed it").
 * 2)  The final -n was pronounced as a prolongation of the preceding vowel e.g. tagā  (" back(wards) ").


 * 1)  The final -s may be pronounced  -Z  or  -z  caused by  sandhi
 * 2) in the absolute end - aлaZ  ("down(wards)")
 * 3) in front of a voiceless consonant -  tšäütteleb   ̮ etēZ   ̮ tagāZ  ("(Se) walks back and forth.")
 * 4) in front of a voiced consonant or a vowel - tāz   ̮ isuB (" She sits again.")

Usage
Lative has been preserved only in adverbs.

It may express
 * 1) moving towards something - e.g.  aлaz ~  aлā ("down(wards)"), ülez ('up'), tagaz ('back'),  tšäütteleb   ̮ etēZ   ̮ tagāZ  ("(Se) walks back and forth.")
 * 2) time - e.g.  tāz ("again"),  sīz  ("then")

Dialectal alternatives

 * Votic of Ingria
 * Eastern Votic dialect
 * The illative  suffix has an additional  lative k.
 *  -sēG, -sē̮G   etc. e.g. mettsǟsēG ('into a forest'),  pīmǟsēG   (' into milk ')

=== Other Finnic dialects ===


 * Finnish dialects : ala-s (" down(wards)")
 * Estonian dialects : üle-s  (" upwards ")


 * Finnish dialects : luo- ( < * luo-k " near ")
 * Ingrian dialects : ala-G  (" down(wards)")
 * South Estonian dialects : ala-&#x0294; ((" down(wards)")