Votian/Orthography

== Orthography ==

Russian orthography (1784.-1790.)
The first samples of Votic were written in former Russian orthography (1784-1790).

=== Miscellaneous Latin based orthography (19.-20. centuries) ===

Following collectors used various Latin based  systems.
 * Henrik Gabriel Porthan  1802.
 * Gabriel Rein  and Engla Groundstroem around 1840.
 * Antal Reguly  (Kattila dialect) 1841.
 * Elias Lönnrot  (Kattila dialect) 16.–24. December 1844.
 * Andreas Johan Sjögren  ( Kreevin dialect, Vaipooli dialect ...) 1846-1852.
 * David Emanuel Daniel Europaeus  1853.
 * August Ahlqvist  (Kattila dialect) three winter months between 1854-1855.
 * Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann  ( Kreevin dialect) 1871.
 * Oskar Andreas Ferdinand (Antti) Lönnbohm (Mustonen)  1883.
 * Vihtori Alava  1901.
 * Eemil Nestor Setälä  (Vaipooli dialect) 1909.
 * Axel Borenius(-Lähteenkorva)  1928.
 * Väinö Salminen  1928.

Native Cyrillic orthography for Jõgõperä dialect (1922.)
Native Cyrillic  orthography of Jõgõperä dialect was proposed by Dmitri Tsvetkov in his (The first) Votic grammar (1922).

Uralic Phonetic Alphabet
A lot of Votic heritage was published in Estonia by Paul Ariste,  Elna Adler  and others using different versions of  Uralic Phonetic Alphabet.

Estonian orthography of the biggest dictionary of Votic language (1990.)
The biggest Dictionary of Votic language (Словарь водского языка - Vadja keele sõnaraamat) by Elna Adler  and  Merle Leppik uses Estonian orthography, where  is replaced with õ,  macron  with doubled vowel and л with l etc.

Yet  k, p, t  never mark geminates  as they do in the middle of Estonian words, but single  fortis   plosives the way they are pronounced in the beginning of Estonian words and in Uralic Phonetic Alphabet.

New orthography for Western Votic dialects
A new Latin based orthography of  Western Votic dialects was proposed by Mehmet Muslimov.