Votian/Translative

== Translative ==

Pronunciation

 * Pronunciation of translative morpheme  was lately  -ssi  e.g.  tēssi  (" for the journey "),  mälehtühsessi  (" for memory ")
 * Pronunciation of translative morpheme  was  -hsi  in the 19. century e.g.  tšivehsi  (" stone " singular translative ), sue̮hsi  (" wolf " singular translative,  Jõgõperä  )
 * Translative of the interrogative pronoun   mi  (" what ? ") is still   mihsi  (" What for? ") in many dialects, as well as   missi  or    mis̄  .
 * The final vowel of the suffix may be omitted depending in it's position in a sentence, but this is rare e.g.  huллus̄   meni  (" (She) went crazy. "),  ve̮лgas̄    ve̮tamma  ("We shall borrow.").
 * The final e of this suffix went through a protofinnic sound change *  e > i  in the end of a word, but was preserved between the  ta infinitive  marker and a   possessive suffix  e.g.  anna tupa tuллasse̮ni,  rihi sōja e̮ллasse̮ni,    лautad   ̮ лahti tšävvässeni    (" Give me a chamber where I could come, a warm room where I could be, open byres where I could go . ").

Usage
Translative may express
 * 1)  timeline  - e.g.  soлdatti tšüsü ȫssi    ("The soldier asked permission to spend a night (here)."),  ke̮лme̮ttomassi piäb   ̮ e̮mme̮ллa tšiutto    ("Before the third (? date) the shirt must be wowen.")
 * 2)  duration  - e.g.  tulin siллe̮ ühessi tunnissi    ("I came to you for an hour (only).")
 * 3) result, goal - e.g.  lämmittǟs̄   tšihvassi  ("It will be warmed up until boiling."),   sai naize̮ssi   t r i f o n ā   tüttärē  ("He married Trifona's daughter."),  лauta krāzgattī musassi  ("The table was painted black."),  tē lühüpässi  ("Make it shorter."),  nī e̮li meil se̮nas̄   tehtü  ("So was it agreed by us.")
 * 4) purpose, reason - e.g.  nā tāria tēssi  ("Here is some (local non-alcoholic) drink for you to your journey!"),   antagā antē̮ssi !  ("Forgive!"),  mis̄   tämä on hakka ?  ("Why is she a crone?"),  tē lühüpässi  ("Make it shorter."),  nī e̮li meil se̮nas̄   tehtü  ("So was it agreed by us.")
 * 5) being in a certain  condition  or  role  - e.g.  ī v a n a    te̮i vīmezessi  (" Ivan was the last one to bring something. "),  ke̮лme̮ttomassi piäb   ̮ e̮mme̮ллa tšiutto    ("As a third task a shirt must be wowen."),  tahte̮   e̮ллa ke̮ikke̮a ülepässi    ("She wanted to be above everybody."  Mati )
 * 6) a custom to do, a language to speak - e.g.  pajatan vad́d́aлaize̮ssi ~ vad́d́akossi ~ vaissi  ("I speak Votic (like a Votian)."),   juttē̮   māssi ~ maissi !  ("Say it in Votic (or Ingrian = like they speak in the country side)."),  kui on venäissi ?  ("How is (it) in Russian?"),  virossi  (" in Estonian (Vironian) "),  sōme̮ssi   (" in Finnish (Lutheran way) ")

Dialectal alternatives

 * Votic of Ingria
 * Eastern Votic dialect
 * Translative marker has an additional lative k e.g.  ǖsessiG  ("for a night"),  vanassiG  ("(to get) old").